作 者：
蔡志英;马茜;戴利铭;苏海鹏;刘一贤;施玉萍;李岚岚;熊延林;穆洪军
关键词：
红侧耳;分离鉴定;DNA条形码;形态学特征;人工驯化栽培
摘 要：
[目的]对一株野生侧耳菌株PD2021进行分离鉴定及人工驯化栽培,为该菌株的大规模栽培及开发利用提供理论依据.[方法]以从云南省西双版纳州景洪市采集到的一野生侧耳菌株PD2021为试材,采用组织分离法获得其母种,结合子实体形态学观察、侧耳属DNA条形码和分子系统发育分析界定其分类地位,并通过培养特性试验探究其生物学特性及出菇条件,采用正交试验筛选人工室内栽培该菌的栽培配方.[结果]基于形态学特征和侧耳属DNA条形码将PD2021菌株鉴定为红侧耳的变种,命名为红侧耳花形变种Pleurotusdjamor var.floreus.PD2021菌株的ITS序列和延伸因子基因(EF-1α)序列均与P.djamor相似性最高,处于系统发育进化树中的同一分支,但它们的分支长短不一,表明二者序列出现变异,进一步证明PD2021菌株为红侧耳的一个变种.该菌株最适生长的碳源为可溶性淀粉,最适生长的氮源为酵母粉,最适温度为26℃;菌丝耐高温能力强,44℃下处理12 h后于26℃下仍能恢复生长.采用正交试验筛选该菌栽培配方,最优配方为米糠为15 kg、麦麸10 kg、橡胶锯末200 kg、玉米粉15 kg.在22~32℃,65%~85%空气湿度,100~550 lx散射光的出菇房中栽培15~21 d可出菇,出菇量可达152.26 g/菌包,生物转化率达55.64%.[结论]PD2021菌株耐高温适于热带和亚热带栽培,栽培周期短、可用的栽培料广泛具有良好的应用前景和的开发价值.
译 名：
Identification of a wild strain of Pleurotusdjamor and its artificial cultivation
关键词：
Pleurotusdjamor%biological characteristics%identification%artificial cultivation
摘 要：
[Objective]A wild Pleurotus strain PD2021 was collected in Jinghong city,Yunnan province.In order to identify what kind mushroom it was,growth habits and artificial cultivation conditions etc.so as to provide the theory basis to cultivation and utilization the wild mushroom.[Method]Isolating the strain PD2021,observing 1morphological characteristics,biological characteristics,ITS,CO1 gene,RPB 1 gene and EF-1α gene analysis and artificial cultivation experiments were conducted.[Result]Based on morphological characteristics and gene barcoding of the genus,this strain was identified as a variant of the P.djamor,named P.djamor var.floreus,The best carbon and nitrogen source for the growth of PD2021 strain is soluble starch and yeast powder.The optimal temperature is 26℃,the growth of PD2021 strain can recover after incubating 12 h at 44℃.The cultivation formula of PD2021 strain was screened by the orthogonal test,and the optimal formula was 15 kg rice bran,10 kg wheat bran,200 kg rubber sawdust and 15 kg cornmeal.In the mushroom producing room with 22~32℃,65~85%humidity,100~550 lx light for 15~21 d,the yield of PD2021 strain reached 152.26 g/bag,and the bioconversion rate reached 55.64%.[Conclusion]PD2021 strain is a excellent edible mushroom strain suitable for tropical and subtropical cultivationwhich has prospect for development and application.
