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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 不同氮磷钾配比施肥对红富士苹果果实品质的影响 新疆农业科学 2013,50 (12) 2203-2210
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of NPK Fertilization on the Fruit Quality of Red Fuji Apple Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences 2013,50 (12) 2203-2210

不同氮磷钾配比施肥对红富士苹果果实品质的影响

作  者：
秦伟;郭艺鹏;陈波浪;何琼;司宏章;李建贵
单  位：
新疆维吾尔自治区霍城县果树站;新疆农业大学林业研究所
关键词：
氮磷钾;红富士;品质
摘  要：
【目的】苹果果实品质除受品种自身遗传基因影响之外,树体营养是保证果实品质优劣的主要因素之一,为今后新疆红富士苹果果实品质提升奠定了理论基础。【方法】以新疆天山北坡伊犁霍城县栽培的红富士苹果为试材,采用N(尿素)、P(重过磷酸钙)、K(硫酸钾)3因子5水平二次回归正交试验设计,研究NPK配比施肥与果实外观品质和内在品质的关系。【结果】不同配比施肥对成熟期的红富士苹果果实纵径影响较大,而对着色期果实横径和单果重具有影响,其中NPK配比水平较高时对果实纵径、横径及单果重都具有较大影响,但对果形指数无影响;配比施肥中K对果实中总酸含量有影响;N和P可能影响VC含量;N、P、K的相互交互作用对花青素含量影响较大;N含量高低影响总酚含量;P和K含量高其交互作用对类黄酮影响较大;N和P对蛋白质含量有影响。【结论】N、P、K不同元素针对不同指标影响也不同,其中它们之间的交互作用表现更明显,在今后肥料施用过程中还是应注重肥料的配比和均衡。
译  名：
Effects of NPK Fertilization on the Fruit Quality of Red Fuji Apple
作  者：
QIN Wei;GOU Yi-peng;CHEN Bo-lang;HE Qiong;SI Hong-zhang;LI Jian-gui;The Research Institute of forestry in Xinjiang Agricultural University;Fruit Station of Huocheng County;
关键词：
NPK;;Red Fuji;;quality
摘  要：
【Objective】The apple is one of the main tree species in Xinjiang fruit development,along with the growing scale,how to improve the fruit quality has become a key issue. In addition to the fact that apple fruit's quality is subject to their own genetic influence,the tree body nutrition is one of the main factors to ensure the quality of fruit quality. This project aims to analyze these effects on fruit quality through changing the number of leaves and fruit,thus laying a theoretical basis to improve fruit quality in future in our region. 【Method】The Red Fuji apple growing in Huochen County of Yili in the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang was taken as the test materials. Three factors five levels quadratic regression orthogonal experiment was designed by using N( urea),P( heavy calcium superphosphate),and K( potassium). The relationships between the ratio of NPK fertilizer application and the fruit appearance quality and intrinsic quality were studied. 【Result】Different proportion of fertilizer used in the mature period of Red Fuji apple had a tremendous influence on the longitudinal diameter,and influence on transverse diameter and fruit weight during the fruit coloring period. Among others,the NPK ratio at high level had effect on fruit vertical diameter,transverse diameter and weighte,but no effect on fruit shape index; Fertilizer K application had an effect on the total acid content in fruit; N and P could affect the vitamin C content; Mutual interaction of N,P,K had great effect on anthocyanin content; N content would affect the total phenol content; High P and K content had influence on the interactions of flavonoids; N and P had influence on protein content. 【Conclusion】The effects of different N,P,K elements are different according to different indicators,among which,the interaction between their performances is more obvious. Therefore,the proportion of fertilizer should be paid attention to in the future to maintain more relative balance.

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