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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 不同泌乳期奶牛粪便碳氮变化与温室气体排放特点研究 农业机械学报 2016,47 (3) 179-185
Position: Home > Articles > Greenhouse Gases Emissions and Varies of Carbon and Nitrogen of Manure from Different Lactating Period Cows Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery 2016,47 (3) 179-185

不同泌乳期奶牛粪便碳氮变化与温室气体排放特点研究

作  者：
王效琴;李文圣;王旭东;梁东丽;赵加磊
单  位：
西北农林科技大学资源环境学院
关键词：
奶牛粪便;泌乳期;堆积过程;温室气体
摘  要：
试验采集不同泌乳期(高产组、中产组、低产组)奶牛新鲜粪便进行90 d的自然堆积,用静态箱-气相色谱法测定了堆积过程中CO_2、CH_4和N_2O的排放量,并测定TOC、TN、NH_4~+-N和NO_3~--N的含量变化。结果表明,不同泌乳期奶牛粪便初始总有机碳、总氮和碳氮比存在差异,牛粪初始总有机碳和总氮含量从高到低依次为高产组、中产组和低产组,而总有机碳和全氮比值的大小排序则与此相反。这些差异导致牛粪堆积过程中温室气体排放量的差异,非CO_2温室气体CH_4和N_2O累积排放量及总温室气体排放量(以二氧化碳当量计,CO_2eq)大小顺序均为高产组、中产组、低产组,低产组总温室气体排放量显著低于高产组和中产组。3种气体中温室效应贡献最大的是CO_2,占总温室效应的一半以上,CH_4和N_2O的温室效应贡献相近,分别为20%~21%和17%~21%。堆积过程中3个处理N_2O-N的累积排放量与TN含量呈显著正相关关系,与碳氮比呈显著负相关关系;CH_4-C、CO_2-C、CO_2-C+CH_4-C累积排放量与牛粪TOC含量、碳氮比没有显著相关关系。与高产组和中产组比,低产组奶牛粪便在90 d的堆积试验结束后,损失较多的碳素而保留了较高的氮素。
译  名：
Greenhouse Gases Emissions and Varies of Carbon and Nitrogen of Manure from Different Lactating Period Cows
作  者：
Wang Xiaoqin;Li Wensheng;Wang Xudong;Liang Dongli;Zhao Jialei;College of Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University;Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China,Ministry of Agriculture;
关键词：
cattle manure;;lactating period;;piling;;greenhouse gas
摘  要：
Dairy systems are the important greenhouse gases emissions source, in which manure management is one of the three major GHG emission sources. Most researches focused on the effects of external conditions,such as additives,composting materials,composting height,stacking mode,and the frequency of pile up on the greenhouse gas emissions of livestock manure composting process,while a few studies focused on the impact of diet on greenhouse gas emissions frommanure. Different diets were fed to dairy cows during different lactating period,which results in different physical and chemical properties of manure. The objective of the study was to quantify the greenhouse gas emissions and varies of carbon and nitrogen of manure from cows during different lactating periods. Fresh manure from cows during different lactating periods was collected and piled up naturally. Emissions of CO_2,CH_4 and N_2O were measured by using static chamber-GC technique,at the same time,the content of TOC,TN,NH_4~+-N and NO_3~--N were measured. The results showed that there was difference in content of TOC,TN and C / N between manure from different lactating period cows( high group,middle group and low group). At the beginning of piling,manure from high group contained the highest TOC and TN,followed by middle group,thenlow group,in opposite for the ration of TOC to TN. These differences resulted in accumulative emissions of greenhouse gas differently. The highest accumulative emissions of CH_4 and N_2O were measured from high cow group,followed by middle group and then low group. The total greenhouse gas emission from low group was significantly low than that from middle group and high group. CO_2 accounted for more than half of the total greenhouse gas emission,CH_4 and N_2O contributed 20% ~ 21% and 17% ~ 21% to the total emissions,respectively. Accumulative emission of N_2O-N was significantly positive correlation with TN content,in opposite with the ratio of TOC to TN. Accumulative emission of CH_4-C,CO_2-C and CO_2-C + CH_4-C had no significant correlation with TOC content and the ratio of TOC to TN.

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