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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 伊犁野果林生境分析和发生探讨 干旱区研究 1993 (3) 28-33
Position: Home > Articles > An Analysis and Inquiry into the Wild Apple Trees in Iri Arid Zone Research 1993 (3) 28-33

伊犁野果林生境分析和发生探讨

作  者：
刘兴诗;林培钧;钟骏平
单  位：
新疆八一农学院;成都地质学院;伊犁地区园艺所
关键词：
伊犁;野果林;演变
摘  要：
国内外学者普遍认为伊犁野果林是第三纪残遗种,由于其分布于未受第四纪冰川覆盖的山谷才得以保留至今。根据作者对伊犁地区考察,无论伊犁谷地东部与西部,均有3次古冰川作用。可以想见,在第四纪多次古冰川作用下,尤其在中更新世高台地冰期极盛时代,包括野果林在内的温带阔叶林,似难在伊犁谷地两侧山地中保存,不可能是第三纪孑遗的野果林的“避难所”。较为合理的推论是:随着第四纪冰川的进退,野果林连同整个古植物水平图谱,曾在广阔的中亚平原,包括伊犁谷地在内的范围内发生多次往返迁移,至末次冰期后,迁移方向由西向东,逐渐演变至今日情况。野果林为什么仅存于某些山谷而非普遍出现,这主要与由地形所决定的小气候(近代)及人为破坏等情况有关。
译  名：
An Analysis and Inquiry into the Wild Apple Trees in Iri
作  者：
Liu Xinshi (Chengdu Geology College,Chengdu,610000) Lin Peijun (Iri Gardening Institute,Irin,835000) Zhong Junping ("August First" Agriculture College,Urumqi,830052)
摘  要：
Researchers from China and abroad generally thought that the wild apple trees in Iri was the relic species of the Tertiary period and was kept till now because of its distribution in the valley which was free from the coverery of the Quatenary glacier. According to the authors'on-the-spot investigation of the Cast and west parts of Iri Valley, It was clear that three glaciations had once taken place in the valley, under the frequent Quatenary glaciation, especially in the prosperous high-land ice age of middle pleistocene epoch, the temperate broad-leaf trees including wild apple tree were difficult to be kept in the either side of Iri valley, so the valley was not the shelter for wild apple trees of the Tertiary period. A more reasonable conclution should be the following one: with the advance and retreat of the Quatenary glacier,the wild apple trees once transported back and forth more times along the broad middle Asian plain (including Iri valley),migrated from west to east at the last ice age and gradually developed into what it is now. The reason why the wild apple trees only grow in some parts of the valley mainly depends on the microclimate determined by the local topography and human being's damage.

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