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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 喀斯特高原山地地貌区水资源优化利用方式——以贵州省七星关区朝营小流域为例 节水灌溉 2015 (9) 74-78
Position: Home > Articles > Water Resources Utilization Modes Under Extreme Drought Conditions in Karst Alpine Mountainous Area——A Case Study in Chaoyang Small Watershed in Qixingguan District,Guizhou Province Water Saving Irrigation 2015 (9) 74-78

喀斯特高原山地地貌区水资源优化利用方式——以贵州省七星关区朝营小流域为例

作  者：
高渐飞;苏维词
单  位：
贵州师范大学中国南方喀斯特研究院;贵州科学院山地资源研究所
关键词：
水资源;安全保障;极度干旱;喀斯特高原山区
摘  要：
为解决气候极度干旱条件下喀斯特山地地貌区人畜饮水困难问题,以贵州省七星关区朝营小流域为例,分析了水资源赋存特征,以及不同干旱情景下供需水平衡状况。结果显示:表层岩溶水分为森林滞水型、溶蚀差异型和相对隔水型3种赋存类型,水源点共18处,枯水期流量131m3/d;研究区一般干旱持续时间为4个月,水资源短缺量为5 748m3;极度干旱下水资源缺口1.69万m3。资源型缺水、工程性缺水和利用不合理等因素造成研究区严重缺水。在流域内可利用水资源量不能保障极度干旱条件下人畜饮水情况下,通过从流域外引入稳定水供给上游区域饮水,从而将上游水源腾出来调入中下游区域使用,并与当地水资源有机结合起来利用;采用多级收集洼地泉点、堵截-地下河提水方式,集中解决洼地周边饮水问题;以解决流域3 449人,3 446头牲畜饮水及其极度干旱水资源保障问题。
译  名：
Water Resources Utilization Modes Under Extreme Drought Conditions in Karst Alpine Mountainous Area——A Case Study in Chaoyang Small Watershed in Qixingguan District,Guizhou Province
作  者：
GAO Jian-fei;SU Wei-ci;Guizhou Mountainous Resources Institute;State Engineering Technology Center Research Center of Karst Rocky Desertification;Institute of South China Karst,Guizhou Normal University;
关键词：
water resource;;safety guarantee;;extreme drought;;Karst mountainous area
摘  要：
Due to the extreme drought conditions in the Karst upland area,people and livestock can not get enough drinking water.To find solutions for this problem,the paper takes the small watershed of Chaoying in Qixingguan District of Guizhou province as an example to analyze the occurrence characteristics of water resources and the balance between water supply and demand under different drought situations.The results show that surface Karst water can be classified into three kinds of occurrence characteristics,including forest backwater,dissolution difference and relative water-proofer;there are 18 water sources in total,with a flow of 131m3/d during the dry season;generally the drought lasts for 4months in the study area,causing a water shortage of 5 748m3;and during extreme droughts,the water resource shortage can be 16 900m3;the factors causing the severe water shortage in the study area are water resource shortage,engineering water shortage and unreasonable use of water,and so on;the usable water resources in the watershed can not guarantee the drinking water supply for people and livestock.Under such a situation,it is suggested that steady water supply from outside the watershed should be introduced to meet the drinking water needs of the upstream area,thus saving the upstream water sources for supplying the middle and lower reaches and combining with the local water resources;the problem of drinking water shortage in the peripheral areas of depressions should be solved through multilevel collection of springs in depressions,banking up and water lifting from underground rivers;these solutions should be adopted so as to provide drinking water to 3449 people and 3 446 livestock and guarantee water supply during extreme droughts.

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