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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 三峡库区不同坡度石灰土坡耕地磷素流失特征 水土保持通报 2016,36 (6) 115-120
Position: Home > Articles > Characteristics of Phosphorus Loss in Sloping Farmland of Limestone Soil Under Different Gradients in Three Gorges Reservoir Area Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation 2016,36 (6) 115-120

三峡库区不同坡度石灰土坡耕地磷素流失特征

作  者：
赵绍林;李晔;赵培培;李波
单  位：
武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院
关键词：
三峡库区;石灰土;坡度;磷素;无机磷分级
摘  要：
[目的]研究石灰土坡耕地在不同坡度下的磷素流失规律,以期为三峡库区农业面源污染的防治和水资源保护提供基础数据。[方法]在三峡库区香溪河流域坡耕地修建径流小区进行原位人工降雨试验,在雨强1.5mm/min时,分析10°,15°和20°这3种坡度下坡耕地的径流量、泥沙浓度,以及地表径流中总磷、颗粒态磷,泥沙中总磷、速效磷浓度的变化趋势,并对径流泥沙进行无机磷分级试验。[结果]坡度越大,地表径流量、径流总量、泥沙流失量越大,初始产流时间越短,但坡度对径流中泥沙流失浓度的影响不显著;不同坡度下径流中总磷(TP)、颗粒态磷(PP)浓度都随着产流时间逐渐变小最后趋于平衡,其中径流中TP主要以PP形式流失,达到80%以上;泥沙中磷素流失主要以无机态磷为主,无机磷分级试验表明被植物高效利用的有效态磷和缓效态磷占无机磷总量的54.1%~57.8%。[结论]坡度主要通过影响地表径流总量和径流携带的泥沙总量而影响磷素流失总量,石灰土坡耕地磷素流失主要以径流泥沙携带为主。
译  名：
Characteristics of Phosphorus Loss in Sloping Farmland of Limestone Soil Under Different Gradients in Three Gorges Reservoir Area
作  者：
ZHAO Shaolin;LI Ye;ZHAO Peipei;LI Bo;Resources and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology;
关键词：
Three Gorges Reservoir;;limestone soils;;slope;;phosphorus;;grading of inorganic phosphates
摘  要：
[Objective]In order to provide basic data for the prevention of agricultural nonpoint source pollution and the protection of water resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir area,the phosphorus loss in regular lime slope farmland under different gradient was researched.[Methods]A sloping farmland in Xiangxi watershed of Three Gorges Reservoir area was selected and an artificial rainfall experiment with rainfall intensity of 1.5 mm/min was conducted.The variations in surface runoff,sediment concentration,total phosphorus(TP)concentration and other forms of inorganic phosphorus were studied.[Results]As the increase of slope,total runoff and sediment increased,whereas,the initial runoff time decreased.However,no significant impact on the sediment concentration was observed.As runoff continued,both TP and particulate phosphorus(PP)decreased and reached a steady concentration under all slope gradients.PP was the primary form of phosphorus loss,accounting for over 80% of that.The inorganic phosphorus suffered the most severe loss for the phosphorus loss of sediment.The inorganic phosphorus grading tests showed that effective phosphorus and slowly available phosphorus accounted for 54.1%~57.8% of the total amount of inorganic phosphorus.[Conclusion]Slope gradient influenced the phosphorus loss through the impacts on surface runoff and sediment loss.The phosphorus of sloping farmland of limestone soil was mainly removed with the sediment.

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