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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 不同因素对西瓜花药愈伤组织诱导的影响 河南农业科学 2015,44 (12) 104-111
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of Different Culture Factors on Callus Induction of Watermelon Anther Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences 2015,44 (12) 104-111

不同因素对西瓜花药愈伤组织诱导的影响

作  者：
朱迎春;刘君璞;邓云;李卫华;安国林;孙德玺
单  位：
中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所
关键词：
西瓜;花药;低温;高温;生长季节;基因型;愈伤组织
摘  要：
研究不同因素对西瓜花药愈伤组织诱导的影响,探讨适宜西瓜花药愈伤组织诱导的最佳方法。以HJ001(杂交种)、西农8号、大果黑美人为试验材料,分别研究取材时期、低温预处理时间、高温预培养时间、植物生长调节剂、附加物、基因型对西瓜花药愈伤组织诱导率的影响。结果表明:HJ001经4℃低温处理2、3 d,有效愈伤组织诱导率分别达到18.33%、15.67%,差异不显著。HJ001经高温预培养1、2、3 d,有效愈伤组织诱导率最高达到14.33%,且3个处理间无显著差异,其余2个品种有效愈伤组织诱导率较低,但表现相同趋势。HJ001和西农8号2个品种,NAA的诱导效果均较2,4-D好。在培养基上添加谷氨酰胺(Gln)70 mg/L和酸水解酪蛋白(CH)500 mg/L,HJ001有效愈伤组织诱导率较高,分别达到20.33%和19.00%。露地种植,晴天6:00—8:00采集的花蕾花粉活力较高,其中HJ001花蕾纵径2~4 mm、横径3~4 mm,萼片紧贴花瓣,花瓣闭合,呈深绿色,花药颜色呈淡黄色至黄绿色,且此时多为小孢子单核靠边期,不同品种间稍有差异。因此,在露地栽培条件下,晴天6:00—8:00,取单核靠边期花蕾,低温处理2~3 d,接种在MS+NAA1.0 mg/L+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+KT 1.0 mg/L+CH 500 mg/L(Gln 70 mg/L)培养基上高温预培养1~3 d,有效愈伤组织诱导率最高,此种方法为西瓜品种HJ001花药愈伤组织诱导的最佳方法,而西农8号、大果黑美人花药愈伤组织诱导的最佳方法还要进一步探讨。
译  名：
Effects of Different Culture Factors on Callus Induction of Watermelon Anther
作  者：
ZHU Yingchun;LIU Junpu;DENG Yun;LI Weihua;AN Guolin;SUN Dexi;Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Acdemy of Agricultutal Sciences;
关键词：
watermelon;;anther;;low temperature;;growing season;;genotype;;callus
摘  要：
The article studied the affection of different factors on induction of watermelon anther callus and explored the best way of watermelon anther callus induction. HJ001( hybrid),Xinong No. 8 and Daguoheimeiren were selected as materials in the experiment. The influence of different treatments on valid and invalid callus induction rate of watermelon anther,including the time of low temperature pretreatment and high temperature pre-incubation,plant growth regulators,culture medium,additions,genotype,growth environment and sampling time. The results showed that the effective callus induction rate of HJ001 respectively were 18. 33% and 15. 67% at 4 ℃ for 2 d and 3 d,and there was no significant difference between the two treatments. The effective callus induction rate of HJ001 reached14. 33% at high temperature pre-cultured 1—3 d,and there was no significant difference among the three treatments. The effective callus induction rate of the remaining two species was low,but had the same trend. The induction efficiency of NAA was better than that of 2,4-D for three varieties. When addingglutamine( Gln) 70 mg/L and acid hydrolysis casein( CH) 500 mg/L in medium,effective callus induction rate were 20. 33% and 19. 00% respectively; The buds had high vitality when collected at6: 00—8: 00 in the sunny morning in open field,the buds of HJ001 mostly were microspore mononuclear stage when longitudinal diameter of bud was 2—4 mm,transverse diameter was 3—4 mm,sepals glued to petals,petals were closed and dark green,anther color was pale yellow to yellowish green,and there was a little difference among different varieties. Therefore,in the conditions of open field taking samples at6: 00—8: 00 in the sunny morning when buds were mononuclear stage and were treated at low temperature for 2—3 d,then inoculating in MS + NAA 1. 0 mg/L + 6-BA 2. 0 mg/L + KT 1. 0 mg/L + CH 500 mg/L medium or directly inoculating in MS + NAA 1. 0 mg/L + 6-BA mg/L + KT mg/L + Gln 70 mg/L medium for 1—3 d high temperature pre-culture could get the highest effective callus induction rate,which was the best way for watermelon variety HJ001 to induce anther callus. However,the best way to Xinong No. 8 and Daguoheimeiren anther callus induction sholud be further explored.

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