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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 关于旅大地区小麦秆锈菌和叶锈菌夏孢子世代的越冬问题 植物病理学报 1957 (1) 87-97
Position: Home > Articles > ON THE OVER-WINTERING OF THE UREDO-STAGE OF WHEAT STEM RUST AND LEAF RUST IN THE DAIREN-LUSHUN DISTRICT Acta Phytopathologica Sinica 1957 (1) 87-97

关于旅大地区小麦秆锈菌和叶锈菌夏孢子世代的越冬问题

作  者：
曾广然;何健三;張国淳;周声学;薛立信
单  位：
东北农業科学研究所
摘  要：
1.在旅大地区自生麦是小麦叶銹和秆銹的越冬寄主,也是绣菌(主要是叶锈)在秋季过渡到各小麦上去的桥梁。2.無論是秆绣或叶銹菌,在生长的麦株上的夏孢子堆此割下的麦株上的夏孢子堆的越冬力强得多。温暖而湿潤的小气候有利于秆銹和叶銹的越冬。3.秆銹菌只在早播、蔽風、秋季發病較多的情况下,有一部分夏孢子,可能在冬小麦及自生麦上越冬;在較暖和的冬季,有少数以菌絲状态在綠叶內越冬??在旅大的一般大田中,秋季秆銹在冬小麦上几乎不發生;而在自生麦上越冬的可能也非常之小。因此旅大区有时虽然有秆锈菌的越冬,但不可能是小麦秆銹越冬的主要場所。4.在旅大区,小麦叶銹菌的夏孢子堆在冬麦和自生麦上普遍越冬,早春即行扩展蔓延。在蔽風暖和处,也能以菌絲状态在綠叶內越冬。
译  名：
ON THE OVER-WINTERING OF THE UREDO-STAGE OF WHEAT STEM RUST AND LEAF RUST IN THE DAIREN-LUSHUN DISTRICT
作  者：
CHIN KUANG-JAN,HO CHIEN-SAN,CHANG KUO-CHUN CHOU SHENG-HSUEH,HSUEH LI-HSIN(North-east China Agricultural Research Institute and Liaoning Vegetable Experimental Station)
摘  要：
According to the results of a 4 years study the over-wintering of the uredialstage of the stem and leaf rust of wheat in the Dairen-Lushun district,it if foundthat the volunteer wheat in the autumn usually serves as an over-wintering hostfor the uredial stage of these two rusts.The volunteer wheat is also responsible forcarrying the leaf rust over summer for the winter wheat infection. The uredospores on the cut straw of wheat show a far less over-winteringcapacity than those on living over-wintering plants.A relatively warm and wetmicroclimate is believed to favour the overwinter of the rusts.A very small portionof the uredospores of the stem rust on the early sown wheat when protected by awindbreak are capable of tiding the fungus over winter.Only in a warm winter,afew uredial may survive in the form of latent mycelia in the green leaves.It isinferred therefore that the over-wintering of uredial stage of this rust in Dairen-Lushun district is unimportant. On the other hand,a large quantity of the uredospores of leaf rust overwinterswithout difficulty on the volunteer wheat and winter wheat in Dairen-Lushun districtand act as a constant source of spring intection.

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