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亚太地区小农发展与扶贫:国别经验、政策趋势与最新进展-"亚太地区'小农与扶贫'国际会议"综述

作  者:
李芸;夏英
单  位:
中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所
关键词:
亚太地区;小农发展;扶贫;国别经验;趋势
摘  要:
本文基于2018年10月在北京召开的"亚太地区'小农与扶贫'国际会议"成果,综述代表性国家在小农发展与减贫上的最新进展、国别经验及今后减贫政策方略.相关国家在过去20多年里均取得了一定的减贫成效,但各国差距较大;中国、越南、柬埔寨、斯里兰卡的贫困人口都大幅度减少,归功于包容性增长、农业改革、精准扶贫等政策措施的实施,而菲律宾、老挝等国家减贫缓慢;同时中国在解决收入不平等、多维贫困上仍存在提升空间,越南、斯里兰卡等国营养不良问题严重,菲律宾存在粮食通胀问题.建议相关国家深化农业市场化改革、推进结构调整,加大对小农扶持力度、营养干预和社会保障力度,推进21世纪议程的实现.
作  者:
LI Yun;XIA Ying;
单  位:
LI Yun%XIA Ying
关键词:
Asia-Pacific region;;Smallholder development;;Poverty alleviation;;National experiences
摘  要:
The Asia-Pacific region is a major force in global economic growth. Issues about smallholder development and poverty alleviation attract considerable attention from the region and the world. Based on the international conference on smallholders and poverty alleviation in the Asia-Pacific region held in Beijing in October 2018,the paper reviews national experiences,the latest progress,and future strategies of representative countries on smallholder development and poverty alleviation. Poverty achievements have been made in the past two decades,though large national gaps exist. Dramatic poverty reduction in China,Vietnam,Cambodia and Sri Lanka should give credit to inclusive growth,agriculture reforms,and targeted poverty alleviation policies,whereas poverty reduction in the Philippines and Laos has been slow. China still faces great challenge in attacking income inequality and multidimensional poverty. Vietnam and Sri Lanka need to resolve serious malnutrition issues,whereas the Philippines needs to deal with food inflation. Nations are suggested to deepen agriculture market reforms and structural adjustments,strengthen supports for smallholders,nutritional intervention and social security in order to realize Agenda 21.

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