关键词：
大水体;生态工程技术;浮盘;绿萍;网箱养鱼;网箱上空间养鸡
摘 要：
大水体生态工程技术是综合协调水面、水下、水中、空间的生态与生产各要素的相互关系,实行立体结构、优化组合的“萍-鸡-鱼”三业物质生产、循环利用的整体配套技术。生产应用表明,在水面上,采用生产绿萍的“浮盘”工艺,及筛选出适于饲用的良种,并提供新的栽培技术,绿萍产量高达495—547t·ha~(-1)·年~(-1);在水下2.5m深处,开展网箱养吃食性鱼,可提高饲料效价,增加鱼产量37.5—117.6％;在水中,放养滤食性鱼,利用网箱的鱼粪排出为饵料,水中鱼类增产4.29倍;在网箱上空间,设计出禽舍养鸡的工艺,用绿萍饲鸡,可增产2.5—7.5％和节省精料10—20％;再用鸡粪养绿萍和鱼等。形成节地、节粮、节肥、节能、节工的开发大水体生产的新型产业。
译 名：
Ecological techniques on broad water body (ETBWB) and effects of Azolla raising and its application.
作 者：
Li Zhuoxin (Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Hangzhou 310021), Luo Xianchi, Xu Tianxiang and Jiang Yongtang (Fishery Bureau of Zhunan County, Zhejiang Province 311700).
关键词：
Broad water body, Ecological technique, Floating tray, Azolla, Fish culture with net pen, Chicken farming in the space above the net pen.
摘 要：
To economically and productively develop production in reservoir or lake, the ETBWB is designed for comprehensive coordination of the relationship among the main elements in ecology and production of the broad water body (BWB) on its surface, in its shallow and deep layer as well as the aerial part above it, and for realizing a "Azolla-chicken-fish" production, in which the production is done under a stereo-constructive and optimized combined system. Its content, characteristics and effectiveness are involved by the following aspects: a "floating tray" technique for Azolla raising on the surface and a series of new measures concerned the Azclla culture were developed, some promissing Azolla species as a new feed resource suitable to fish and chicken are screened out and got a good yield as high as 495—547t.ha~(-1)·yr~(-1); feeder fishes were raised in net pen from water surface down to 2.5m, a forecasting technique for reasonable use of the Azolla feeding fishes was developed, fish output was increased by 37.5—117.6%; in water filter feeder fishes were cultured and fed by the fish excrement from the net pen, thereby, the filter feeder fishes's yield was increased to 4.29 times; in the space above the net pen, a technique of poultry house for chicken farming was developed, in which chickens were fed with the Azolla, the body weight of the chickens increased 2.5—7.5% and concentrated feed was saved by 10—20%; manure of the chickens was applied to Azolla and fishes. Thus, a new industrywith less consumption of the land, feed, labour and energy about the BWB development was formed.
