摘 要：
运用二次通用旋转组合设计统计方法 ,选择稻田生态系统中天敌蜘蛛优势种拟水狼蛛 (Piratasubpirati cus)、粽管巢蛛 (Clubionajaponicola)、锥腹肖蛸蛛 (Tetragnathajaponica) 及水稻主要害虫褐飞虱 (Nilaparvatalu gens) 和稻赤斑沫蝉 (Callitettixversicolor) 组成多物种共存系统 ,探讨蜘蛛对稻虫的控制作用 ,分析天敌之间、害虫之间以及天敌与害虫之间的相互作用关系 ,获得了 6个天敌对害虫的捕食量模型。对模型进行主效分析表明 ,害虫密度的大小对天敌的总捕食量影响较大 ,其中又以褐飞虱对捕食量的影响最大。天敌中对捕食量作用最大的是拟水狼蛛 ,其次是锥腹肖蛸和粽管巢蛛。分析天敌间的交互作用表明 ,天敌个体大、活动能力强、生态位窄及其重叠值高、捕食量大 ,它们的种内种间干扰程度也大 ,特别是粽管巢蛛和锥腹肖蛸蛛各自的种内干扰、拟水狼蛛与粽管巢蛛的种间干扰作用十分明显。最后讨论了天敌蜘蛛能有效控制害虫的最大密度 ,以及在该害虫密度下各种天敌密度的最佳组合
译 名：
Control Function of Predators in Coexistent System of Three Spiders and Two Rice Insect Pests
作 者：
LI Jian quan, ZHAO Zhi mo, WU Shi yuan, LUO Yan jie, MING Ke (Department of Plant Protection, Southwest Agricultural University, Chongqing 400716)
关键词：
Coexistent system;Biological control;Intra species relationship;Spiders in rice field
摘 要：
The foraging behavior of three predators (X 1 Pirata subpiraticus, X 2 Clubiona japonicola and X 3 Tetragnatha japonica) for brown plant hopper and rice frog hopper (X 4 Nilaparvata lugens and X 5 Callitettix versicolor) was investigated, as well as how the interference among and within species occurred, by using the rotational composite design of quadratic regression. Six models of predatory capacity in the coexistent system of three spiders and two rice insect pests were obtained. One of them was: Y 3=32.795+ 2.25 X 1+ 1.083 X 2+0.5X 3+10.167X 4+3.167X 5-1.67X 1 2-2.42X 2 2-3.295X 3 2-0.045X 4 2+0.455X 5 2-3.125X 1X 2+0.375X 1X 3-0.625X 1X 4-0.375X 1X 5+0.375X 2X 3-0.875X 2X 4+0.125X 2X 5+0.375X 3X 4-0.375X 3X 5+ 0.125 X 4X 5. The principal efficiency analysis on this model indicated that increases in rice insect pests' density had significantly increased the predation of predators on the insect pests and had a greater effect than any one of predators. X 4 had a greater effect than X 5. However, X 4 and X 5 had little interference in this experiment densities, they even promoted each other and increased the predation as the densities of two pests increased. Among the three predators, an increase in X 1 density had the greatest effect on the increase of predation, X 3 had the second and a little greater than X 2 the third. As the predator density increased the inter and intra species interference occurred, which were largely related to the size, activity, niche breadth, niche overlap and searching efficiency of the predators. X 2 had the greatest interference between different individuals and with any other predator species, and X 3 had the second greatest, which reduced the predation in high predator densities. Because of these, the highest predation was obtained in the prey density of 120 per 4 rice hills and the optimal proportion of the three predators in the multi predator prey system was X 1∶ X 2∶ X 3=5.6∶1.3∶4.1.
