作 者：
邓琳梅;杨蕾;张俊星;字变仙;龚加寿;梅馨月;刘屹湘;朱书生;杨敏
单 位：
云南农业大学农业生物多样性与病虫害控制教育部重点实验室/云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室
关键词：
三七;连作障碍;促生细菌;拮抗细菌;林下种植;云南省
摘 要：
【目的】明确云南省不同森林类型林下土壤是否适宜种植三七,筛选森林土壤中对三七主要病原菌具有拮抗作用的生防细菌资源,为三七林下种植及病害的生物防治提供理论依据。【方法】收集不同森林类型(杂木林、思茅松林、云南松林和桉树林)土壤浸提液,比较过滤液(除去微生物)和未过滤液对三七种子出苗及生长的影响;以连作土为对照,分析添加10%林下土壤对连作土中三七种子萌发和幼苗单株鲜重的影响。利用LB平板分离法分离森林土壤中的可培养细菌,通过对峙培养法筛选对三七病原菌具有拮抗活性的菌株,并选取对三七主要病原菌均具有拮抗活性的菌株进行16S rDNA分类鉴定。【结果】与过滤液相比,云南松林和思茅松林土壤浸提未过滤液可促进三七种子萌发和幼苗生长;杂木林土壤浸提未过滤液可促进三七种子萌发,但对幼苗生长有一定的抑制作用;桉树林土壤浸提未过滤液对三七种子萌发和幼苗生长均具有一定的抑制作用。在连作土中添加10%松林土壤可有效缓解三七连作障碍;添加杂木林和桉树林土壤对三七种子萌发有抑制作用,但可在一定程度上促进三七幼苗生长。从森林土壤中共分离获得465株细菌,其中分离自松林土壤中的14株细菌对供试三七主要病原菌均具有较强的拮抗活性,包括6株芽孢杆菌属、5株链霉菌属、2株假单胞菌属和1株肠杆菌属,抑菌活性在58.02%～98.61%。【结论】松树林尤其是思茅松林土壤中存在大量的有益微生物,且这些有益微生物既能抑制根腐病菌,减轻三七连作障碍,又能促进三七种子萌发和幼苗生长。
译 名：
Isolation and selection of Panax notoginseng(Burk.)F. H. Chen growth-promoting antagonistic bacterial from different forest soils in Yunnan
作 者：
DENG Lin-mei;YANG Lei;ZHANG Jun-xing;ZI Bian-xian;GONG Jia-shou;MEI Xin-yue;LIU Yi-xiang;ZHU Shu-sheng;YANG Min;Key Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Pest Management,Ministry of Education,Yunnan Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan;
关键词：
Panax notoginseng(Burk.)F.H.Chen;;replant obstacle;;plant-growth promoting bacteria;;antagonistic bacteria;;under forest planting;;Yunnan
摘 要：
【Objective】To explore whether different forest soils in Yunnan Province was suitable for planting Panax notoginseng(Burk.)F. H. Chen,and screen bacterial strains with growth-promoting and pathogen antagonistic effects on P. notoginseng,and provide theoretical basis for under forest planting of P. notoginseng and biological control of P. notoginseng disease.【Method】The different forest soils extracts(miscellaneous wood forest,Simao pine forest,Yunnan pine forest and eucalyptus forest)were collected to compare the effects of forest soil filtrate(removed microbes)and non-filtrate on seed germination and seedling growth of P. notoginseng. The alleviation effects of 10% forest soil amendment on P. notoginseng seed germination and seedling fresh weight was analyzed using consecutively cultivated soil as control. The bacterial strains were isolated from soils by LB plate dilution method,the strains with inhibition activity against P. notoginseng pathogens were screened by confrontation culture method and the antagonistic isolates were identified by 16 s rDNA.【Result】The results showed that pine and miscellaneous forest water non-filtrated extracts could promote seed germination and seedling growth compared,the non filtrate of miscellaneous forest could promote the seed germination of P.notoginseng,but inhibited the growth of seedlings. The non filtrate of eucalyptus forest could inhibit the seed germination and seedling growth of P. notoginseng. 10% pine soil amendment obviously reduced the adverse effect of replant failure of P. notoginseng. The addition of miscellaneous forest soil and eucalyptus forest soil inhibited the germination of P. notoginseng seeds,but promoted the growth of P. notoginseng seedlings to a certain extent. A total of 465 bacterial strains were isola-ted from forest soils,and 14 strains isolated from pine soil showed strong antifungal activity against main pathogens of P. notoginseng,including six Bacillus isolates,five Streptomyces isolates,two Pseudomonas isolates and one Lelliottia isolate,the colony inhibition rate was 58.02%-98.61%.【Conclusion】There may exist plenty of antagonistic and plant growth promoting bacteria resource in pine soil especially Simao pine soil. These beneficial microorganisms can not only inhibit the root rot pathogen and reduce the continuous cropping obstacle of P. notoginseng,but also promote the seed germination and seedling growth of P. notoginseng.
