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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 添加乳酸菌和纤维素酶对二色胡枝子青贮品质的影响 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版) 2008,36 (4) 8-14+21
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of lactobacillus and cellulase on fermentation quality of ensiled Lespedeza bicolor Journal of Northwest A & F University(Natural Science Edition) 2008,36 (4) 8-14+21

添加乳酸菌和纤维素酶对二色胡枝子青贮品质的影响

作  者：
丁武蓉;杨富裕;郭旭生;干友民
单  位：
中国农业大学草地研究所;四川农业大学草业科学系;兰州大学干旱与草地生态教育部重点实验室
关键词：
乳酸菌;纤维素酶;二色胡枝子;添加剂;青贮品质
摘  要：
【目的】探讨适宜添加剂及其用量对二色胡枝子青贮发酵品质的影响,扩大冬季缺草季节优质饲草料来源。【方法】以二色胡枝子(Lespedeza bicolor)为原料,添加不同量乳酸菌(2.5,5.0和7.5 g/t)、纤维素酶(活性16 950 U/g,添加量分别为3 200,6 400和9 600 U/t)及纤维素酶和乳酸菌混合物(2.5 g/t+3 200 U/t,5.0 g/t+6 400 U/t和7.5 g/t+9 600 U/t)进行塑料袋真空青贮,青贮后进行化学分析。【结果】所有处理组二色胡枝子中茎叶结构保持完整,添加乳酸菌或纤维素酶后,青贮料中中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量都低于对照,乳酸菌和纤维素酶混合添加对青贮料中NDF和ADF影响不明显。与对照组相比,添加剂均不同程度地降低了二色胡枝子青贮料的pH值,且氨态氮含量也明显降低(P<0.05),其中5.0 g/t乳酸菌组降低效果最明显。从对营养成分及有机酸的影响来看,3 200 U/t纤维素酶处理组干物质损失率在所有处理组中最小;5.0 g/t乳酸菌+6 400 U/t纤维素酶处理组青贮料中粗蛋白含量和真蛋白含量均高,表明其对青贮料蛋白保存率高。9 600 U/t纤维素酶处理组总酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),丁酸含量最高,发酵品质较差。【结论】乳酸菌、纤维素酶及两者混合添加均不同程度地改善了二色胡枝子青贮发酵品质,其中乳酸菌的效果最好。而纤维素酶添加量较高时产生丁酸较多,乳酸菌和纤维素酶混合添加不利于干物质保存,对二色胡枝子青贮发酵品质改善不明显。
译  名：
Effects of lactobacillus and cellulase on fermentation quality of ensiled Lespedeza bicolor
作  者：
DING Wu-rong1,YANG Fu-yu2,GUO Xu-sheng3,GAN You-min1(1 Grassland Science Department,Sichuan Agricultural University,Ya'an,Sichuan 625014,China;2 Institute of Grassland Science,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100094,China;3 Key Laboratory of Arid and Grassland Ecology Lanzhou University,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China)
关键词：
lactobacillus;cellulase;Lespedeza bicolor;additive;silage quality
摘  要：
【Objective】 The study was conducted to investigate effects of different additives and its concentration on the fermentation quality of ensiled Lespedeza bicolor with an intention to broaden quality feeds sources during spring and winter.【Method】 Choped Lespedeza bicolor was ensiled with lactobacillus(2.5,5.0 and 7.5 g/t),cellulose(3 200,6 400 and 9 600 U/t),and lactobacillus+ cellulose(2.5 g/t+3 200 U/t,5.0 g/t+6 400 U/t and 7.5 g/t+9 600 U/t) by using plastic bag under vacuum condition.After 47 days of ensiling,the ensiled forages were sampled and analyzed.【Result】 The results showed that the silage fermentation quality was improved by adding the lactobacillus,cellulose and mixture of the two additives,and the pH and NH3-N contents in the enisled forage were significantly decreased(P<0.05) compared with the control.Among the used additives and its added concentration,use of 5.0 g/t cellulose produced the best fermentation quality.With respect to the loss rate of DM of the ensiled forage,the ensilage of Lespedeza bicolor with 3 200 U/t had the lowest loss rate of DM.Silage treated with 5.0 g/t lactobacillus+6 400 U/t cellulose had a better preservation of crude protein and true protein than the rest silages.The ensiled forage with 9 600 U/t of cellulose significantly decreased the pH value,but with a significant amount of butyrate in comparison with the control silage(P<0.05).【Conclusion】 It is concluded that lactobacillus,cellulose and its mixture had improved the fermentation quality of ensiled Lespedeza bicolor with different extend and the lactobacillus had the best effect on fermentation quality among the used additives.Silage treated with the highest concentration of cellulose had significant amount of butyrate.Silages treated with the mixture of cellulose and lactobacillus had disadvantage of DM preservation and insignificant improvement of silage fermentation quality.

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