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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 中国15省(区)农民膳食能量及宏量营养素摄入的变化趋势及其人口学特征 中国食物与营养 2019 (12) 82-86
Position: Home > Articles > Secular Trends and Demographic Characteristics in Energy and Macronutrient Intakes of Farmers in 15 Provinces( Regions) of China from 1991 to 2015 Food and Nutrition in China 2019 (12) 82-86

中国15省(区)农民膳食能量及宏量营养素摄入的变化趋势及其人口学特征

作  者：
黄秋敏;张兵;王惠君;王柳森;王志宏
单  位：
中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所
关键词：
农民;能量;宏量营养素;膳食;队列研究
摘  要：
目的:分析中国15省(区)农民膳食能量和宏量营养素摄入现状和变化趋势。方法:利用"中国健康与营养调查"1991—2015年间膳食随访数据,以18岁及以上的农民作为研究对象。采用连续3d 24h膳食回顾法和家庭称重记账法收集膳食资料,借助食物成分表将食物消费量转换成能量及各类营养素摄入量。结果:2015年我国15省(区)农民能量摄入量为1 891.5kcal/d,蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物的平均摄入量分别为55.4、66.0、245.2g/d,其供能比分别为12.0%、33.2%和54.0%。与1991年相比,能量、蛋白质、碳水化合物摄入量分别下降了521.7kcal/d、13.7g/d、152.0g/d,脂肪摄入量增加了18.1g/d,蛋白质供能比基本持平,碳水化合物供能比减少了10.8%,脂肪供能比增加了10.6%。2015年,65岁及以上农民的能量、蛋白质和脂肪摄入量均低于其他年龄组,碳水化合物的摄入量随年龄组的升高而降低,低收入农民的能量和碳水化合物摄入量高于中、高收入农民。谷类食物、其他食物、食用油分别为能量、蛋白质、脂肪的主要来源。结论:中国15省(区)农民蛋白质和碳水化合物供能比合理,脂肪供能比较高,应根据农民不同的收入水平和生理条件开展针对性的营养指导。
译  名：
Secular Trends and Demographic Characteristics in Energy and Macronutrient Intakes of Farmers in 15 Provinces( Regions) of China from 1991 to 2015
作  者：
HUANG Qiu-min;ZHANG Bing;WANG Hui-jun;WANG Liu-sen;WANG Zhi-hong;National Institute for Nutrition and Health,Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention;
关键词：
farmer;;energy;;macronutrient;;diet;;cohort study
摘  要：
[Objective] To analyze the dietary energy and macronutrient intakes status and trends of adult farmers from 15 provinces in China.[Method] The data of China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1991 to 2015 were used,which farmers≥18 years old were selected as the subjects.The 3-consecutive day-24-hour dietary recall was used to collect information on food intake,the condiment intake was collected by weighting and bookkeeping method.Food consumption was converted into energy and various nutrient intakes by food composition table.[Result] The farmer's average intakes of energy,protein,fat and carbohydrate were 1 891.5 kcal/d,55.4 g/d,66.0 g/d and 245.2 g/d respectively in 2015.The percentage energy from protein,fat and carbohydrates was 12.0%,33.2% and 54.0%,respectively.Compared with 1991,the intakes of energy,protein and carbohydrate decreased by 521.7 kcal/d,13.7 g/d and 152.0 g/d,respectively,and the intake of fat increased by 18.1 g/d.The percentage energy from protein was flat,carbohydrates decreased by 10.8% and fat increased by 10.6%.In 2015,the energy,protein and fat intakes of farmers aged 65 and over were lower than other age groups,the intake of carbohydrate was different in different age groups.The farmers who had low income level had high intakes of energy and protein.The main source of energy,protein and fat was grains,other foods and edible oils respectively.[Conclusion] The percentage of energy from protein and carbohydrate of farmers in Chinese 15 provinces was reasonable,and the percentage of total fat was high.The nutrition guidance should be carried out according to different income levels and physiological conditions of farmers.

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