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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 我国小麦叶锈菌生理小种专化研究 植物病理学报 1982 (3)
Position: Home > Articles > ON THE PHYSIOLOGIC SPECIALIZATION OF LEAF RUST OF WHEAT IN CHINA Acta Phytopathologica Sinica 1982 (3)

我国小麦叶锈菌生理小种专化研究

作  者：
汪可宁;刘美因;谢水仙;李凤春
单  位：
中国农业科学院植物保护研究所
摘  要：
根据大量的试验结果,找出适合我国叶锈菌的鉴别寄主,它们是‘白蚰包’、‘东方红3号’、‘丰产3号’、‘6068’、‘洛夫林10号’、‘泰山1号’、‘泰山4号’,‘IRN66-331’、‘Redman’等小麦。应用所选出的鉴别寄主,5年来共分析了1,237个标样。这些标样每年采自15个省到18个省,它们可划分为11个类型。其中‘叶中1号’、‘叶中2号’、‘叶中3号,(即‘植12’、‘植10’、‘植1’)系1977年夏季由我所与河北农大植保系、黑龙江省植保所等单位协商统一规定的。‘叶中1号’的出现频率最低为44.5%,最高为49.6%,‘叶中2号’为6.1～13.5%,‘叶中3号’为11.5～24.7%,植11为8.1～15%,这就清楚的看出,目前我国存在的小麦叶锈菌小种以‘叶中1号’、‘叶中2号’、‘叶中3号’和‘植11’较多,除1978年发现的小种类型山东A 型除外,其他小种出现频率较低或很低。这些小种在抗病育种和生产上都有重要价值。例如,‘叶中1号’对白蚰包’的致病性很弱,不同于‘叶中2号’、‘叶中3号’、‘植5’、‘植11’等,但对‘农大166’、‘博爱7023’、‘甘麦8号’、‘济矮6号’等都有强或较强的致病力,而‘叶中2号’则比‘叶中1号’弱,又‘叶中3号’对‘抗引655’、‘6068’,‘植5’对‘洛夫林10号’均表现一定的致病力,而‘叶中1号’、‘叶中2号’、‘植11’等则完全缺乏致病力,并表现为免疫。
译  名：
ON THE PHYSIOLOGIC SPECIALIZATION OF LEAF RUST OF WHEAT IN CHINA
作  者：
Wang Kening Liu meiyin Xie Shuixian Li Fengchun Institute of plant protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
摘  要：
A new set of differentials including Bai-Your-Bau,Dung-Fan-Hung Fon-Tsang 3,6068,Red-man,Lo-Fu-Ling 10,IRN-66-331 were selected on the basis of a series of trials in which 100 repres-entative wheat varieties were tested for their resistance against 26 monopustuls isolated from 15 districtsof 11 provinces.Before that more than 200 varieties were tested against pathogenicity by 8 leaf rustsamples of 5 provincial origin.From 1974 to 1978,1246 leaf rust samples were taken from 14-18 provinces each year for testingtheir virulence using the above selected differentials.The results showed that 11 races are to be diff-erentiated among which 8 races were designated as CL-1,CL-2 and CL-3 in 1977.CL-1 was widely distributed It comprised 44.5-49.6%(1974-1978)of isolates So far identified.This race was characterized to be compatible with Nung-Dah 155,Nung-Dah 166,Funo,Gan-Meih 8,Taihshan 1 and unable to infect resistant varieties such as Bai-Your-Bau,Taihshan 4,more or lessresistant Fon-Tsang 8.It had been immun 10 and Lo-Fu-Ling 13.CL-2 was chara-cterized to be compatible with Dah-Bai-K'e which was immune xo CL-1.This race and CL-3 werecompatible with Jehng-Jou 3,which wns immune to CL-2The other races namely PP-2,PP-3,PP-5,PP-7,PP-11,PP-13 and Shantung-A were diff-rentiated by the CL-1,CL-2 and CL-3 in pathogenity,differing each other in pathogenicity,Shantung-A,a new race,was discovered in 1978.This race had been resistant to 6 out of 9 differe-ntials,the remained 3 were suseptibie.It is important that the race Shantung-A could be severelydestructive and harmful to Taihshan 1 which is the most important variety in China.Judging by susccplibility of testing the 10 gene lines Lr 1,Lr 2a,Lr 2c,Lr 3,Lr 3bg,Lr 3bg,Lr 14a,Lr 16,Lr 17,Lr 18 and other varieties Agatha,Trenzia,Wanken,Waldron,Egarvcho fordifferentials,we agree that the 9 gene liaes and 5 varieties except Lr 18 are feasible.It was suggested that CL-1,CL-2,CL-3,PP-3,PP-11 and Shantung-A should be taken asthe main object of the breeding work for leaf rust resice in this country.

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