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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 新疆伊犁野生羊肚菌种质资源调查及生境分析 中国食用菌 2013,32 (3) 12-14
Position: Home > Articles > 新疆伊犁野生羊肚菌种质资源调查及生境分析 Edible Fungi of China 2013,32 (3) 12-14

新疆伊犁野生羊肚菌种质资源调查及生境分析

作  者：
武冬梅;谢宗铭;李全胜;罗云波
单  位：
新疆农垦科学院;中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院
关键词：
伊犁河谷地区;野生羊肚菌;种质资源调查;生境分析
摘  要：
新疆伊犁河谷是西部天山最大的山间谷地,特殊的地理环境孕育了种类丰富的野生食用菌资源,尤其为野生羊肚菌的发生提供了优越的多样性生态条件.通过对伊犁河谷野生羊肚菌种质资源种类、分布范围、自然环境条件、发生季节等进行详细的野外实地考察,结果表明,伊犁河谷野生羊肚菌主要有黑脉羊肚菌(M.angusticepes)、尖顶羊肚菌(M.conica)、粗腿羊肚菌(M.crassipes)、羊肚菌(M.esculenta)4种;4种羊肚菌多生长在野果林、草地和云杉林中,单生或群生,一般5月~6月出菇较多,属于低温食用菌;生长土质一般为中性或略偏碱性.该研究为伊犁河谷野生羊肚菌半人工栽培和资源保护提供了科学依据.
单  位：
XinJiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclaimation Sciences,Shihezi Xinjiang 832000%College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083%The Supervision,Inspection&Testing Center of Genetically Modified Food Safety,Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing 100083
关键词：
Yili areas%Wild Morchella%Investigation on resources%Analysis on ecological environment
摘  要：
Yili areas was the biggest mountain valley of Western Tianshan,and there were abundant wild fungi resources due to its unique climatic characters,which provided excellent ecological conditions for the occurrence of Morchella.Resources distribution,distribution range,ecological environment and growth season of wild Morchella species were investigated comprehensively in Yili areas.The investigation showed that there were 4 Morchella species which single called M.angusticepes,M.conica,M.crassipe and M.esculenta,and 4 Morchella species were more likely to grow in the wild fruit wood,grassland and picea asperata.They grew commonly with single or clusters in the soil which were neutrality or slightly leaning alkalinity,and they appeared commonly large number of mushroom between early May and early June that belonged to edible fungus of cold-type.The research provided a foundation for the semi-artifical cultivation and resources conservation of wild Morchella.

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