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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 人口流动:就业与收入的区域差异 农业经济问题 2018 (05) 80-91
Position: Home > Articles > Population Mobility:Regional Differences in Employment and Income Issues in Agricultural Economy 2018 (05) 80-91

人口流动:就业与收入的区域差异

作  者：
马银坡;陈体标;史清华
单  位：
华东师范大学经济与管理学部;上海交通大学安泰经济与管理学院
关键词：
流动人口;就业和收入;一线城市;区域差异
摘  要：
人口流动,获得就业机会是基础保障,提高就业收入是根本动力,人力资本的积累与提升是实现人口跨区域流动并且提高就业收入的重要支撑。本文基于2013—2015年全国流动人口动态监测数据,从就业行业、就业单位到就业收入以及流出地和流入地的分布等方面,对一线城市与其他地区的人口流动做了独立研究和比较分析。研究发现,样本调查期间流动人口收入增长趋势明显;对个体而言,跨区域流动,高中及以下受教育者的主要动机是获取就业机会,大专及以上受教育者则主要是收入驱动;随着受教育程度的提高和人力资本的积累,流动距离对就业收入具有"乘数效应",流动范围越广,就业收入越高,这是流动人口就业收入呈现区域差异的重要原因。缩小区域间经济差距、提高文化素质教育、增强专业技能培训,对促进流动人口安居乐业、全面建成小康社会具有重要意义。
译  名：
Population Mobility:Regional Differences in Employment and Income
作  者：
MA Yinpo;CHEN Tibiao;SHI Qinghua;
关键词：
Floating population;;Employment income;;First-tier cities;;Reginal differencies
摘  要：
Gaining employment is the basis for population mobility,and raising incomes is a fundamental driving force; the human capital accumulation and improvement forms an important support for the cross-regional population flow and employment income increment. Based on the nationwide monitoring data of floating population from 2013 to 2015,this paper makes an independent research and comparison analysis of population movements in first-tier cities and other regions from aspects of the employment industry,employment units,employment income,and the distribution of outflows and inflows. The study finds that there is an obvious growth trend of floating population income during the sample survey; for individual trans-regional mobility the main motive of high school and below educators is to obtain employment opportunities,while college and higher educators are mainly incomedriven. With the improvement of education and the accumulation of human capital,the floating distance has a "multiplier effect"on employment income. The wider of the flow scope is,and the higher the employment income grows,which is an important reason for the regional differences in employment income of the floating population. It is of great significance to narrow the economic disparities between regions,improve cultural quality education,and enhance professional skills training to promote the floating population to live and work in peace and build a well-off society in an all-round way.

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