单 位：
;1.南昌工程学院江西省樟树繁育与开发利用工程研究中心
关键词：
芳樟矮林;栽植密度;红壤坡面;无人机;细沟形态特征;细沟横断面
摘 要：
为探究芳樟矮林栽植密度对红壤坡面细沟形态特征的影响,以径流小区内栽植芳樟矮林为研究对象,在5°(S1)、10°(S2)和 15°(S3)这 3 个坡度小区,分别设定 3 个栽植密度(D1:1.5 m × 1.5 m、D2:1.0 m × 1.5 m、D3:1.0 m ×1.0m),利用无人机摄影技术,分析自然降雨下1年生芳樟矮林坡地细沟形态特征.结果表明:细沟几何特征值随栽植密度增大而减小,随坡度增大而增大;细沟形态特征指标中,细沟密度、复杂度、割裂度、体积与宽深比的特征值范围分别为0.19~1.48 m/m2、1.01~1.42、0.01~0.23、0.06~1.70 m3和1.63~3.25,其中细沟宽深比随栽植密度增大而增大,随坡度增大而减小,其余指标变化与之相反;细沟横断面侵蚀形态属类U型;坡度是影响细沟形态特征的主要因素,且影响显著;相关性分析表明,细沟密度、复杂度与割裂度(相关系数分别为0.975、0.991和0.988)可作为评价坡面侵蚀量的优选指标.研究结果有助于优化芳樟矮林的栽植布局和密度,为红壤丘陵区预防坡面水土流失提供科学依据.
译 名：
The influence of planting density of Cinnamomum camphora on the morphological characteristics of gullies on red soil slopes
关键词：
Cinnamomum camphora%planting density%slope of red soil%unmanned aerial vehicle%rill morphological characteristics%rill cross section
摘 要：
[Background]Rill erosion is the main form of soil degradation,threatening ecological integrity.Studies show that adjusting planting density can affect rill formation on slopes and in forest land.Cinnamomum camphora is an important tree in the southern red soil region,but the impact of its planting density on rill morphology is unclear.This study aims to clarify the rill morphological characteristics under different densities and provide guidance for cultivation and erosion prevention.[Methods]The sample plot was selected in the ecological science and technology park of Nanchang Institute of Technology,which has a suitable climate.Three slope plots were set up,namely 5°(S1),10°(S2)and 15°(S3),and each slope had three planting densities(D1:1.5 m × 1.5 m,D2:1.0 m × 1.5 m,D3:1.0m×1.0m),totaling nine treatments.The data of the sample plot was obtained through UAV aerial photography and analyzed by Agisoft PhotoScan Professional and ArcGIS 10.8 software.Relevant parameters were extracted to characterize the rill features,and SPSS and Origin were used for data analysis and graphing.[Results]The main results show that:1)A higher planting density leads to a decrease in the length,width and depth of rills.When comparing D3 with D1,they are reduced by 0.34 times,0.19 times and 0.31 times respectively.A steeper slope will cause them to increase.When comparing S3 with S1,they are increased by 1.24 times,0.77 times and 1.91 times respectively.2)The rill density,complexity,dissection degree,volume and width-depth ratio vary within the ranges of 0.19-1.48 m/m2,1.01-1.42,0.01-0.23,0.06-1.70 m3,and 1.63-3.25 respectively.A higher planting density will increase the width-depth ratio(with an average increase of 7.5%),but decrease other indicators(with an average decrease of 24.7%,3.4%,33.6%and 37.1%respectively).A steeper slope will reverse this situation,reducing the width-depth ratio(with an average decrease of 22.7%)and increasing other indicators(with an average increase of 126.6%,14.7%,219.1%and 513.65%respectively).3)The cross-sections of rills are mostly U-shaped.A higher planting density will reduce the cross-sectional area and change the V-shape in the middle of the slope to a U-shape.A steeper slope will increase the cross-sectional area,make the V-shape in the middle of the slope more prominent,and make the upper and lower parts of the slope more likely to be V-shaped but still remain U-shaped.4)The amount of slope erosion is highly positively correlated with the rill density,complexity and dissection degree(with correlation coefficients of 0.975,0.991 and 0.988 respectively),and highly negatively correlated with the rill width-depth ratio(-0.937).[Conclusions]The analysis indicates that C.camphor play an important role in inhibiting the formation and development of slope rills.Although the impact of slope is significant,the dwarf forests can still impede it on all slopes.The D3 planting density has the best effect.The research results are conducive to the planting management of dwarf forests and the prevention and control of soil erosion in the red soil hilly area,providing a scientific basis.
