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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 黄土坡面细沟侵蚀强度的空间分布及形态分异特征 水土保持学报 2022,36 (1) 1-7
Position: Home > Articles > Spatial Distribution of Rill Erosion Intensity on Loess Slope and Its Morphology Differentiation Characteristics Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 2022,36 (1) 1-7

黄土坡面细沟侵蚀强度的空间分布及形态分异特征

作  者：
龙琪;韩剑桥;何育聪;王飞;焦峰
单  位：
西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所;中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所
关键词：
细沟侵蚀;细沟形态;空间分布;黄土坡面
摘  要：
为探索细沟侵蚀的空间分异特性,通过人工模拟降雨试验的方法,分析不同降雨强度和坡度下的坡面细沟侵蚀过程,探讨细沟侵蚀强度及形态在坡面尺度的沿程变化特征。结果表明:随着坡度和雨强增加,细沟侵蚀量不断增大;在特定处理下,细沟侵蚀强度沿坡长方向均呈现出先增后减的规律;沟宽、沟深和细沟割裂度等细沟形态参数也表现为先增加后减小,峰值出现在坡面中部。沟宽和沟深与细沟侵蚀量呈极显著的正相关关系,细沟侵蚀强度与形态之间的演变具有一致性;径流汇集导致坡面中部径流侵蚀动力增强,沟壁崩塌和下切侵蚀严重,沟宽和沟深扩大,而坡下位置由于径流含沙量较大且土槽侵蚀基准面稳定而侵蚀较弱。坡面中部易发生严重侵蚀,需要加强防控或做好截排水措施。研究结果可为细沟侵蚀防控提供理论与技术支撑。
译  名：
Spatial Distribution of Rill Erosion Intensity on Loess Slope and Its Morphology Differentiation Characteristics
作  者：
LONG Qi;HAN Jianqiao;HE Yucong;WANG Fei;JIAO Feng;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources;
关键词：
rill erosion;;rill morphology;;spatial distribution;;loess slope
摘  要：
To explore the spatial differentiation characteristics of rill erosion, artificial rainfall experiments were used to analyse stimulate the rill erosion process of slope under different rainfall intensities and slopes, and the variation characteristics of rill erosion intensity and morphology along the slope direction were discussed. The results showed that with the increase of slopes and rainfall intensities, rill erosion was increasing. Under specific treatments, rill erosion intensity increased first and then decreased in space; the rill morphology parameters, such as rill width, rill depth and rill split degree, also increased first and then decreased in space, and the peak values appeared in the middle of the slope. Rill width and rill depth had a very significant positive correlation with the amount of rill erosion, and the evolution of rill erosion intensity and morphology was consistent. The runoff collection leaded to the increased power of runoff erosion in the middle of the slope, where the ditch wall collapse and undercut erosion were serious, and rill width and rill depth were enlarged. However, the rill erosion under the slope was lower due to the large amount of sediment concentration and the stable base level of soil erosion. Severe erosion tended to occur in the middle of the slope, so it was necessary to strengthen prevention and control measures or take measures to intercept and drain water. The research results could provide theoretical and technical support for the prevention and control of rill erosion.

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