Research progress in rural area wastewater treatment by using constructed wetlands

ZHANG Tao;LIU Chang-e;CHEN Gui-fa;ZHOU Sheng;Huangshan Environment Protection Agency;Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences;

Surface flow wetland;;Sub-surface flow wetland;;Hydraulic loading rates;;Removal rate;;Rural wastewater

With improving of urban domestic and industrial wastewater treatment efficiency,non-point pollution from rural area is becoming larger proportion of the total pollution impacts on water environment.Particularly,nutrient including nitrogen and phosphorus contained in rural area wastewater is becoming a major reason for eutrophication of lakes.Although some measures for improving rural environment have been taken,rural area wastewater treatment still remained at low level due to limitation of policy,technology,and capital.Constructed wedand technique has characteristics of high treatment efficiency,low construction and running cost.In addition,because influent can be distributed in the units of constructed wetland system according to natural water head,it is suitable for wastewater treatment in rural area of mountain.This paper introduced the technique concept,structure,mechanism of construction wetland technique,and further summarized the treatment efficiencies of rural area domestic wastewater,and the development situation in China and oversea.Finally,future research topics on constructed wetland technique were also proposed.