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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 洞庭湖芦苇湿地不同水期土壤—植被重金属分布特征 水土保持学报 2015,29 (5) 289-293
Position: Home > Articles > Distribution of Heavy Metals in Soil and Plant of Reed Wetland in the Dongting Lake of China During Different Seasons Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 2015,29 (5) 289-293

洞庭湖芦苇湿地不同水期土壤—植被重金属分布特征

作  者：
孙海燕;万书波;李林;刘登望
单  位：
山东省农业科学院;湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院
关键词：
洞庭湖;芦苇湿地;重金属;不同水期
摘  要：
以洞庭湖芦苇湿地为例,连续2a采用ICP-AES法研究了平水期(4月)、丰水期(8月)和枯水期(10月)土壤和植被重金属(Hg、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd和Cr)含量分布特征,并分析了土壤和植被重金属含量的关系。研究结果表明,(1)洞庭湖芦苇湿地表土和底泥Hg、Cu、Zn平均含量变化呈递减趋势,依次表现出平水期>丰水期>枯水期,不同时期土壤重金属Hg、Cu、Zn含量均表现为表土>底泥;洞庭湖芦苇湿地表土和底泥Pb、Cd和Cr平均含量变化呈递增趋势,依次表现出枯水期>丰水期>平水期,并且不同时期土壤重金属Pb、Cd和Cr含量均表现为底泥>表土,局部有所波动,综合分析可知,洞庭湖芦苇湿地平水期的Hg、Cu、Zn污染最严重,枯水期Pb、Cd和Cr污染最严重。(2)洞庭湖芦苇湿地表土重金属Hg、Cu、Zn含量高于底泥,表土重金属Pb、Cd和Cr含量低于底泥。(3)洞庭湖芦苇湿地植被重金属Hg、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd和Cr含量均显著高于土壤(P<0.05),说明植被的吸收作用在土壤重金属污染中起着关键作用。(4)主成分分析表明,洞庭湖芦苇湿地土壤中Hg和Zn含量、植被中Pb和Cd的含量变化是洞庭湖芦苇湿地的重金属污染主要影响因子;相关性分析表明,植被体内的重金属含量主要来自和依赖于土壤重金属含量,同时植被对于土壤各重金属的吸收也保持一定的独立性。
译  名：
Distribution of Heavy Metals in Soil and Plant of Reed Wetland in the Dongting Lake of China During Different Seasons
作  者：
SUN Haiyan;WAN Shubo;LI Lin;LIU Dengwang;College of Bioscience and Biotechnology,Hunan Agricultural University;Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science;
关键词：
Dongting Lake;;reed wetland;;heavy metal;;different seasons
摘  要：
Surface soils,sediments and plants of reed wetland in the Dongting Lake of China were chosen to monitor the contamination levels of heavy metals(i.e.,Hg,Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd and Cr)by ICP-AES method in average season(April),flood season(August),and dry season(October)in 2consecutive years,coupled with statistical analyses about the relationship between the heavy metal content in soil and vegetation.The results indicated that:(1)The average contents of Hg,Cu and Zn in surface soils and sediments of reed wetland in the Dongting Lake decreased according to the following sequence:Average season>flood season>dry season,and in different seasons,the contents of Hg,Cu and Zn of surface soils were higher than those of sediments.However,the contents of Pb,Cd and Cr showed the opposite trend across different seasons and the contents of Pb,Cd and Cr in surface soils were lower than those in sediments,coupled with partial fluctuation.Comprehensive analysis showed that the contamination of Hg,Cu and Zn in average season was the most serious,while Pb,Cd and Cr pollution in dry season was the most obvious.(2)The contents of Hg,Cu and Zn in surface soils of reed wetland in the Dongting Lake were higher than those in sediments,and the contents of Pb,Cd and Cr were lower than those in sediments.(3)The contents of Hg,Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd and Cr in reed wetland plant in the Dongting Lake were higher than those in soil,indicating that plant played a key role in the absorption of heavy metals.(4)Principal component analysis indicated that the contents of Hg and Zn in soil and the contents of Pb and Cd in plants were the main influencing factors of heavy metal contamination of reed wetland in the Dongting Lake.Correlation analysis showed that heavymetals in plants mainly came from the soil.At the same time,the plants of reed wetland in the Dongting Lake keep the independence in the absorption of heavy metals from the soil.

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