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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 悬挂式土壤钻孔施肥一体机的设计与试验 农机化研究 2020 (7) 70-76
Position: Home > Articles > 悬挂式土壤钻孔施肥一体机的设计与试验 Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research 2020 (7) 70-76

悬挂式土壤钻孔施肥一体机的设计与试验

作  者：
范虎军;牛淑卿;唐春梅;田树飞;屈振华
关键词：
干旱地区;深孔;施肥;定向排土;土壤保墒
摘  要：
我国西北部风沙较大,干旱半干旱地区雨雪难以有效存储,土壤板结,现有旋耕机械难以打破犁底层.针对以上问题,设计了一种悬挂式土壤钻孔施肥一体机,主要由摆动式机架、提升机构、螺旋钻孔装置和自动定量施肥装置组成.螺旋钻孔装置能够在干旱地块钻呈矩阵式排列的深孔,排土呈定向半圆形河堤状分布以汇集雨雪入孔,自动定量施肥装置实现了深孔定量施肥的同工位作业.田间试验结果表明:该机钻孔分布均匀,排土样态规整,排土样态破坏率1.6%,排肥外漏率4.3%,是旱作技术土壤钻孔机效率的5.47倍,能够最大程度收集雨雪及改善土壤肥力,实现了土壤保墒保肥机械化作业.研究为后续其他类型土壤保墒改良机械的研制提供了参考.
作  者：
Fan Hujun;Niu Shuqing;Tang Chunmei;Tian Shufei;Qu Zhenhua;Hebei North University;Yongcheng Vocational College;
关键词：
drought stress;;deep hole;;fertilization;;directional soil exhausting;;soil moisture conservation
摘  要：
In the northwest of China,the wind-blown sand is large, the rain and snow are difficult to store effectively in arid and semi-arid areas, the soil is hardly compacted, and the existing rotary tillage machinery is difficult to break the plough layer. To solve the above problems, a hanging machine which is used for drilling and fertilizing the soil is designed in this paper. The machine is mainly composed of swing frame, lifting mechanism, screw drilling and automatic quantitative fertilization device. The spiral drilling device can drill deep holes arranged in matrix in arid land, and the discharged soil is distributed in a directional semi-circular embankment to collect rain and snow into holes. The automatic quantitative fertilization device realizes the operation of quantitative organic fertilizer application in deep holes. The field test results show that the drilling hole distribution is uniform and the soil discharging pattern is regular. Moreover,the destruction rate of the soil discharging pattern is 1.6% and the leakage rate of fertilizer discharging is 4.3%, which is 5.47 times of the efficiency of the dry-land soil drilling machine. It can collect rain and snow to the greatest extent, improve the effect of soil fertility, and realize the mechanized operation of soil moisture and fertilizer conservation. This study provides a reference for the development of other types of soil moisture conservation and improvement machinery.

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