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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 云南大山包黑颈鹤自然保护区鸟类多样性及其与生境结构的关系 生态学杂志 2018 (1) 147-156
Position: Home > Articles > Bird diversity and its correlation with the habitat structure in Dashanbao Black-necked Cranes Nature Reserve Chinese Journal of Ecology 2018 (1) 147-156

云南大山包黑颈鹤自然保护区鸟类多样性及其与生境结构的关系

作  者：
杨永霞;白皓天;傅伟;彭明春;赵子蛟;吴太平;冉秋月;吴兆录
单  位：
云南大学生态学与地植物学研究所;云南昭通大山包黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区管理局
关键词：
鸟类多样性;生境结构;高原湿地;大山包自然保护区
摘  要：
2015—2016年4个季节,采用样线法和样点法结合调查鸟类并基于遥感信息分析生境结构,研究了大山包自然保护区9个1 km~2样点鸟类多样性及其与生境的关系。结果表明:大山包共有鸟类16目41科127种,包含国家重点保护鸟类14种;雀形目、雁形目、鸻形目鸟类为主,共27科80种,数量最多的是斑头雁(Anser indicus)、小云雀(Alauda gulgula)、黑颈鹤(Grus nigricollis),共占总数量的50.09%;种类以留鸟(占49.61%)和鸣禽(51.97%)为主,数量以冬候鸟(58.13%)和水鸟(60.28%)为主;40.94%的种类和60.28%的数量均偏好水域湿地生境类型;Pearson相关系数表明,水域面积占比与冬季和春季鸟类数量显著相关(P<0.05),森林-灌丛面积占比与夏季和秋季鸟类种类显著相关(P<0.05);大山包是重要的鸟类栖息地和越冬地,其生境结构对鸟类种类和数量有巨大影响;营建水域、森林-灌丛、沼泽湿地等多种生境类型及其空间组合,是保护大山包鸟类多样性的重要途径。
译  名：
Bird diversity and its correlation with the habitat structure in Dashanbao Black-necked Cranes Nature Reserve
作  者：
YANG Yong-xia;BAI Hao-tian;FU Wei;PENG Ming-chun;ZHAO Zi-jiao;WU Tai-ping;RAN Qiu-yue;WU Zhao-lu;Institute of Ecology and Geobotany,Yunnan University;Administrative Bureau of Dashanbao Black-necked Cranes National Nature Reserve;
关键词：
bird diversity;;habitat structure;;plateau wetland;;Dashanbao Nature Reserve
摘  要：
Nine sampling sites with an area of 1 km~2 each were selected to study bird diversity and its relation with habitat structure by using line transect and point count surveys method and remote image-based habitat structure analysis for four seasons from 2015 to 2016. It was found that there were a total of 127 species of birds in Dashanbao Nature Reserve,which belong to 41 families and 16 orders,including 14 of key state protected species. Of the 127 species,the 3 main orders,Passeriformes,Anseriformes,and Charadriiformes,take up a total of 27 families and 80 species. The number of 3 species,Anser indicus,Alauda gulgula and Grus nigricollis was the greatest,accounting for 50.09% of the total. The resident birds and songbirds were dominant species,accounting for 49.61% and 51.97% of the total species,respectively. In terms of number,winter resident birds and water birds were dominant,accounting for 58.13% and 60.28% of the total,respectively. Moreover,birds preferring waters and wetlands accounted for 40.94% of the total species and 60.28% of the total number,respectively. Pearson's correlation coefficient showed a significant relationship( P<0.05) between the percentage of water area and number of birds in winter and spring,and between the percentage of forest-shrub area and species of birds in summer and autumn. Dashanbao Nature Reserve is an important bird habitat and wintering site,and its habitat structure has a great effect on bird species and number. Constructing a habitat mosaic of waters,forests,shrubs,and wetlands is an important way to protect bird diversity of the reserve.

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