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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 鸭绿江与图们江流域大型底栖动物群落结构的比较研究 大连海洋大学学报 2015,30 (4) 398-404
Position: Home > Articles > Comparison of community structures of macrozoobenthos in Yalüjiang River and Tumen River Journal of Dalian Ocean University 2015,30 (4) 398-404

鸭绿江与图们江流域大型底栖动物群落结构的比较研究

作  者：
霍堂斌;王野;栗铁柱;姜作发
单  位：
中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所;东北农业大学动物科技学院
关键词：
鸭绿江;图们江;大型底栖动物;群落结构;水质生物学评价
摘  要：
于2013年5—6月对鸭绿江和图们江大型底栖动物群落结构进行了调查研究。结果表明:两个流域共鉴定出大型底栖动物103种,分属于14目44科,其中以水生昆虫种类最多,功能摄食类群以刮食者占优,共计45种,另外,还包括撕食者4种,收集者18种,捕食者36种;鸭绿江大型底栖动物79种,图们江大型底栖动物61种,2个水域共有种37种(隶属于14目22科);鸭绿江大型底栖动物总平均密度为93.72 ind./m2,总平均生物量为27.05 g/m2,而图们江大型底栖动物总平均密度为7.78 ind./m2,总平均生物量为1.19 g/m2;从平均密度和生物量分析,鸭绿江均高于图们江,且均以水生昆虫最高,其中,鸭绿江扁形动物平均密度最低,图们江甲壳类平均密度最低;鸭绿江和图们江共有重要种为灰纹石蛾Hydropsyche ulmeri和钩虾Gammarus sp.2种;Shannon-Weiner指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Simpson指数,均为鸭绿江高于图们江,K-优势度曲线与多样性分析结果相吻合。研究表明,采用BI生物指数对鸭绿江和图们江水质进行评价,鸭绿江75%断面和图们江50%断面处于清洁以上水平,总体来看,鸭绿江和图们江多数断面水质较清洁。
译  名：
Comparison of community structures of macrozoobenthos in Yalüjiang River and Tumen River
作  者：
HUO Tang-bin;WANG Ye;LI Tie-zhu;JIANG Zuo-fa;Key Field Scientific Observation Station of Fisheries Resources and Environment in Heilongjiang River Valley,Ministry of Agriculture,Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences;Collage of Animal Science and Technology,Northeast Agricultural University;
关键词：
Yalüjiang River;;Tumen River;;macrozoobenthos;;community structure;;bioassessment of water quality
摘  要：
An investigation was conducted on the community structure of macrozoobenthos in Yalüjiang River and Tumen River from May to June 2013. A total of 103 species of macrozoobenthos were observed,belonging to 14 orders and 44 families,the maximum in aquatic insects. There was 45 species of scrapers in the functional feeding groups,the most species in number,followed by predators( 36 species),collectors( 18 species) and shredders( 4species). There were 79 species of macrozoobenthos in Yalüjiang River and 61 species of macrozoobenthos in Tumen River. There were 37 common species of macrozoobenthos belonging to 14 orders and 22 families in the two rivers,with total average density of 93.72 ind. / m2 and biomass of 27.05 g / m2 in Yalüjiang Rive,and with total average density of 7.78 ind / m2 and biomass of 1.19 g / m2 in Tumen River. There were higher average density and biomass in Yalüjiang River than in Tumen River,the maximal aquatic insects in the two rivers. Platyhelminthes were found to be the minimal density in Yalüjiang River,and crustacean the minimal density in Tumen River. There were only two important species Hydropsyche ulmeri and Gammarus sp. in the two rivers. The K-dominance curve was found to be coincided with diversity analysis. There were higher Shannon- Weiner index,Pielou index and Simpson index in Yalüjiang River than in Tumen River. Assessment by biotic index( BI) showed that the water quality was clear in 75% section in Yalüjiang River and 50% section in Tumen River.

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