摘 要：
一、引言观察施用某种肥料,所表现之作物生长状况,及秤其产量而决定某种作物在某种土壤气候及环境下,需要某种肥料概况,此为一般研究肥效之最普通方法。若在田间详细观察作物之生长情况,进而研究生长地土壤内各种肥料有效养分之富缺程度及其他影响因子尚少,著者等认为地面上农作物生长良窳与土壤有效养分之供给有密切之关系,故本此目的在田间详细观察作物生长状况后,即采取土样,加以分析,并施用同样养分量栽培同样作物作对照比较,求其互相关程度,此本研究之目的也。
译 名：
A Study of Plants Growth in Relation to Available Plant Nutrient Contents of Soils
作 者：
C.Y.Peng Y.P.Cheng T.L.Liao
摘 要：
It is well known that the supply of fertilizers and manures to the soils is considered by the farmers to be most important in agricultural practice.The writers were much interested in researching the factors which affect the plant growth. Among them the available plant nutrients attracted their attention.The work done fell in two parts in convenience.The first part of work was stressed to the observations of plant growth and soil analyses in order to secure general conception about the correlation between the degree of plant growth and available plant nutrients found in soils.Crops for studying were rice,wheat,rape seed,and corn.Each of them growing in the field in the best condition in comparision with the worst was selected to be observed carefully.All the characteristics of crops,including the color,broadth,and length of leaves,degree of lodgging of stalk,root systems,and the abnormal sign found,were recorded.The soils surrounding the root systems of crops were collected at surface and subsurface layers.The items of chemical analyses of soil samples consisted of pH value,humus content,water soluble plant nutrients,which are considered to play an important part in chemical property of soil,in relation to crop growth. In the second part of work,crop experiments in the earthen pots filled with the soils taken from the field were followed.Varying amount of plant nutrients were applied to the soils in accordance with the data of chemical analyses.Testing crops were the same previously observed.Crop observation as well as the whole air-dry weight was emphasized in comparision with the previous recording. The results obtained may be summarized as follows: (1)The results of observation of plant growth and soil analyses made it clear that soils rich in NO_3-N,humus,and water soluble phosphate were res- ponsible for the luxurity of plant growth,and that there was no connection between the plant growth and soils with normal content of potash and pH value.It is noted that the yield of crops increased with the increasing of water soluble nitrogen and phosphorus found in the soils. (2)The pot experiments' result showed that on the fertile soils corn received more plant foods grew worst than that which receive little plant foods applied to the poor soils.The increase of yield due to rice,wheat and rape seed was proportional to the plant nutrients either applied to rich or fhe poor soils. (3)From the pot experiments,the conclusion may be drawn that the results were claimed to be in close relationship with the field observation. (4)It is quite of importance to note that the soils in Chengtu plain were decidedly defficient in nitrogen and phosphorus which affect the growth of crops such as corn,rice,rape seed and wheat.In other work it is reasonable from other experiment to believe that the supply of water soluble nutrients is urgent at the present time if a successful crop is desired.
