单 位：
东北林业大学材料科学与工程学院;东北林业大学生物质材料科学与技术教育部重点实验室
关键词：
木质素;木质素解聚;离子液体;预处理;降解
摘 要：
由经济社会发展带来的石油等不可再生自然资源的过度使用,引发了能源危机和环境问题,所以寻找一种可再生的生物质资源作为替代品而逐渐受到重视。生物质的主要成分之一的木质素,由于富含大量的芳香族类化合物而具有转化为高附加值化学品的潜力。随着绿色环保理念的不断深化,亟需采用更绿色、更安全的方法将木质素解聚,制备高附加值的平台化合物或能源化合物,从而满足日益增长的社会需求。离子液体作为20世纪90年代发展起来的绿色溶剂,因具有众多优良特性而作为环境溶剂或反应催化剂应用于木质素分子的解聚研究中,降低了化学反应的苛刻条件,使反应在更温和的条件下进行。同时对离子液体进行回收再利用,可避免反应产生的环境污染。综述了离子液体在木质素的预处理及解聚转化等方面的研究进展,介绍了木质素分子在离子液体环境中预处理及解聚方面的机理、解聚条件和生成的产物,以及与其他类型催化剂(金属氧化物催化或复合氧化体系催化)、其他催化方法(如光催化解聚或电催化解聚)协同作用的解聚机理和特性,最后预测了未来木质素解聚领域的研究需求和方向。
译 名：
Application progress of ionic liquids in the field of lignin depolymerization
作 者：
MA Chunhui;SUN Jinde;LI Wei;LUO Sha;LIU Shouxin;Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Ministry of Education;College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University;
关键词：
lignin;;lignin depolymerization;;ionic liquid;;pretreatment;;degradation
摘 要：
With the development of society, the excessive use of non-renewable natural resources such as oil has caused the energy crisis and environmental problems. Thus, looking for a renewable biomass resource as a substitute has gradually received attention. Lignin, one of the main components of biomass, has the potential to become a high value-added chemical due to its large amount of aromatic compounds. Chemical transformations of lignocellulosic substrates to valuable platform chemicals are challenging as lignin and cellulose have high thermal and chemical stabilities. With the deepening of the green chemical concept, there is an urgent challenge to find thecleaner and safer methods to depolymerize lignin and prepare high value-added platform compounds or energy compounds. However, certain ionic liquids are able to dissolve and deconstruct biomass and, in the presence of catalysts, convert the dissolved/deconstructed species into useful platform chemicals. As a kind of green solvent developed in the 1990 s, ionic liquids have been applied as environmental solvents or reaction catalysts in the study of depolymerization of lignin molecules due to their many excellent properties, which reduce the harsh conditions of chemical reactions and allow the reactions to be carried out under more moderate conditions. Ionic liquids are used in the pretreatment and depolymerization conversion of lignin because of their low vapor pressure and absence of atmospheric pollution; wide liquid temperature range, good thermal stability and good solubility; high electrical conductivity and wide electrochemical window; and high designability, which allows them to be designed with specific properties to suit practical needs, allowing them to be used as solvents and catalysts in the pretreatment and depolymerization conversion of lignin. During the last decades, they have been developed as green solvents with tunable solventization properties. The potential of ionic liquids for use as solvents and catalysts in a variety of chemical processes is attracting widespread attention from industry and academia because of their significant environmental and process benefits. At the same time, the recycling of ionic liquids can avoid the environmental pollution generated by the reaction. The article reviews the research progress of ionic liquids in the pretreatment and depolymerization conversion of lignin, and explanation the mechanism, depolymerization conditions and products generated in the pretreatment and depolymerization of lignin molecules in the ionic liquid environment. The mechanism and properties of depolymerization in synergy with other types of catalysts(catalyzed by metal oxides or catalyzed by complex oxidation systems) and other catalytic methods(such as photocatalytic depolymerization or electrocatalytic depolymerization) are also presented. Finally, future research needs and directions in the field of lignin depolymerization are predicted.
