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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 土壤C/N对苹果植株生长及氮素利用的影响 中国生态农业学报 2013,21 (7) 795-800
Position: Home > Articles > Effect of soil C/N ratio on nitrogen utilization and growth of apple Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture 2013,21 (7) 795-800

土壤C/N对苹果植株生长及氮素利用的影响

作  者：
葛顺峰;周乐;李红娜;门永阁;魏绍冲;姜远茂
单  位：
作物生物学国家重点实验室山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院
关键词：
土壤碳氮比;苹果;15N;氮素利用;氮损失
摘  要：
土壤C/N是土壤氮素循环的重要影响因素。本研究以2年生"富士"/平邑甜茶为试验材料,应用15N示踪技术研究了不同土壤C/N[6.21(CK)、10、15、20、25、30、35和40]对苹果植株生长及氮素利用和损失的影响。结果表明:随着土壤C/N比值的逐渐增大,苹果新梢长度和植株鲜重均呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,C/N=15、20和25的3个处理苹果新梢长度和植株鲜重最大,三者间无显著差异,但均显著高于其他处理。不同C/N处理间植株15N利用率存在差异,土壤C/N=25时,植株15N利用率最大,为22.87%,与C/N=20的处理间无显著差异,但两者均显著高于其他处理;土壤C/N=40时,植株15N利用率最低,仅为15.43%,低于CK处理的16.65%。土壤C/N处于15~25时,植株吸收的氮素来自于肥料氮的比例较高;而土壤C/N较低(<15)或太高(>25)时,植株吸收的氮素来自于土壤氮的比例较高。土壤氮素残留量随土壤C/N的增大逐渐增加,C/N=40处理的土壤氮素残留量是CK的1.32倍。随着土壤C/N比值的逐渐增大,肥料氮损失量呈先减少后增加的变化趋势,以C/N=25时最少,仅为施氮量的49.87%,而对照最大,为61.54%。因此,综合土壤C/N对苹果植株生长及氮素平衡状况来看,土壤C/N为15~25时,能促进植株的生长发育,降低氮肥损失,提高肥料利用率。
译  名：
Effect of soil C/N ratio on nitrogen utilization and growth of apple
作  者：
GE Shun-Feng,ZHOU Le,LI Hong-Na,MEN Yong-Ge,WEI Shao-Chong,JIANG Yuan-Mao(State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology;College of Horticultural Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China)
关键词：
Soil C/N ratio,Apple,15N technique,Nitrogen utilization,Nitrogen loss
摘  要：
oil C/N ratio is a critical soil nitrogen cycle factor.Two-year old apple trees(Borkh.cv.‘Fuji’/ Malus hupehensis) were used to study the effect of soil C/N ratio [6.21(CK),10,15,20,25,30,35 and 40] on nitrogen utilization/loss and apple growth using the15N trace technique.The results showed that with increasing soil C/N ratio,apple shoot length and fresh weight initially increased and then decreased.The highest apple shoot length and fresh weight were under the treatments of 15,20 and 25 C/N ratio.Although no significant differences were noted among the three treatments,the shoot length and fresh weight of apple tree under these three C/N ratios treatments were significantly higher than those under the other treatments.Statistical analysis revealed significant difference in nitrogen utilization rate among different treatments.The highest nitrogen utilization rate was in soils with C/N ratio of 25,which value was 22.87%,not significantly different from that in soils with C/N ratio of 20.However,the nitrogen utilization under both the two treatments was significantly higher than those under the other treatments.Soil C/N ratio of 40 showed the lowest nitrogen utilization rate(15.43%),which was even lower than that of CK(16.65%).The proportion of plant absorbed fertilizer nitrogen was much higher under treatments of soil C/N ratio range of 15~25.But proportion of plant absorbed soil nitrogen was much higher under too low(<15) or high(>25) soil C/N ratio.Soil residual nitrogen increased gradually with increasing soil C/N ratio.Soil residual nitrogen under C/N ratio of 40 was 1.32 times that of CK.With increasing soil C/N ratio,fertilizer nitrogen loss initially dropped and then increased.Fertilizer nitrogen loss was minimum(49.87%) under soil C/N ratio of 25 and the maximum(61.54%) under CK.Therefore regarding nitrogen utilization and apple growth,soil C/N ratio range of 15~25 was favorable.It increased soil nitrogen fixation efficiency,reduced nitrogen loss,and enhanced nitrogen utilization rate.

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