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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 浙江省中小河流流量监测方案探讨 安徽农业科学 2012,40 (25) 377-380
Position: Home > Articles > Flow Rate Monitoring Program of Small and Medium Rivers in Zhejiang Province Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences 2012,40 (25) 377-380

浙江省中小河流流量监测方案探讨

作  者：
黄健;周琮辉;车新垒
单  位：
杭州市水文水资源监测总站;浙江省水文局
关键词：
中小河流;流量监测;方案探讨
摘  要：
针对浙江省中小河流多处于流域上游或独流入海,河道比降大、流速快、洪水暴涨暴落,汇流时间短,破坏性强的特点,以洪家塔水文监测站为典型站,对4种流量监测方案进行了筛选,并且提出了基于电波流速仪的适合浙江省中小河流监测实际情况的流量监测方案。认为选用电波流速仪可以较好地适应中小河流暴雨洪水流量监测。该文还介绍了浙江省近年来应用电波流速仪在洪水暴发时成功测流量的3个范例,总结了使用经验。认为电波流速仪有几大优点:(1)工作方式为非接触式,适用性强;(2)仪器本身便于携带,机动灵活,工作时可节省大量人力物力;(3)操作简单,而数据准确可靠,适快速部署开展应急监测。但是具体实际应用时也有3点应给予充分考虑:(1)建议在0.5 m3/s以上流量时使用,即电波流速仪只可作为中小河流暴雨洪水监测,不可用于时常水文监测;(2)在暴雨强风环境下,监测的数据会受到风浪影响,表面流量数据会出现较大幅度的跳动;(3)实际监测点应尽量避开大片、大块漂浮物,因为该物的移动不代表水体表现流速,容易造成测量数据偏小。
译  名：
Flow Rate Monitoring Program of Small and Medium Rivers in Zhejiang Province
作  者：
HUANG Jian et al(Zhejiang Hydrology Institute,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310009)
关键词：
Small and medium rivers;Flow rate monitoring;Programs;Application
摘  要：
Most of the small and medium rivers in Zhejiang Province are located at the upper reaches or flow into the sea separately,thus they are usually characterized by wide channels,fast flow rate,sudden rises and falls,short conflux time and strong destructive forces,etc..With Hongjiata hydrology station for example,four programs for monitoring the river flow rate were studied,and the electric wave current meter was the best,then a suitable monitoring program was proposed.The paper also introduced the three successful cases of electric wave current meter and summarized their utilization experiences.The electric wave current meter have several advantages,firstly,the equipment works in an non-contact pattern and thus is strongly applicable;secondly,the equipment is easy to carry,flexible and can save lots of labors;thirdly,the equipment is simple to operate and the data is accurate,thus it is applicable to the emergent monitoring.But there are still three points should be given full consideration during its practical application,firstly,the electric wave current meter is suggested to be used when the flow rate is above 0.5 m3/s,which means that it can be used for only monitoring the rainstorm and floods of rivers,but not for the daily hydrology monitoring;in the environment with rainstorm and strong wind,the monitored data will be greatly influenced by the wind,and the flow rate data will have great fluctuations;the location of monitoring sites should avoid large floaters,whose flow will be regarded as the surface flow of waters and make the monitoring data smaller than its actual value.

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