作 者：
李星熠;何婷超;毛帅;李玭;钟无限;朱淑静;司徒文佑;王培玉;张玉梅
单 位：
北京大学公共卫生学院社会医学与健康教育学系;内蒙古乳业技术研究院有限责任公司;北京大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系
摘 要：
目的:修订哺乳期膳食平衡指数,并评价我国十城市哺乳期妇女膳食质量,分析影响哺乳期妇女膳食质量的因素.方法:使用自设问卷和膳食频率问卷,于2019年对中国10城市863名乳母开展横断面营养健康调查.在2016年膳食平衡指数的基础上,根据2022年哺乳期妇女膳食指南调整评分标准,并评价乳母膳食质量.结果:乳母膳食摄入不平衡、不足、过量的比例分别为86.7%、85.9%、44.2%.乳母蔬菜类、水果类、奶类、大豆类及水产品类食物摄入不足,食用油和盐摄入过量严重,摄入食物多样性较低.受教育水平、收入、城市类型、体力活动水平、产后抑郁情况和是否参与孕妇学校等多种因素与乳母膳食平衡相关.结论:中国十城市乳母人群的膳食摄入不平衡主要体现为摄入不足,而摄入过量的程度相对较低.应有针对性地加强妇女产后健康教育,提高乳母膳食质量.
译 名：
Evaluate on Dietary Quality of Lactating Mothers in 10 Cities of China Using the Chinese Diet Balance Index for Lactation
单 位：
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Hohhot 010110,China;National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy,Hohhot 010110;Department of Social Medicine and Health Education,School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China
关键词：
diet balance index%dietary quality%lactating mothers
摘 要：
[Objective]To revise the dietary balance index for lactating mothers and evaluate the dietary quality of lactating mothers in ten cities of China,and explore the influencing factors of dietary quality.[Method]Using a self-designed questionnaire and a food frequency questionnaire,a cross-sectional nutritional health survey was conducted in 2019 among 863 lactating mothers in ten cities of China.Based on the DBI-16,the scoring criteria were adjusted according to the 2022 Dietary Guidelines for Lactating Mothers,and the quality of lactating mothers'diets was evaluated.[Result]The percentages of unbalanced,insufficient and excessive dietary intake of lactating mothers were 86.7%,85.9%and 44.2%,respectively.Lactating mothers had insufficient intake of vegetables,fruits,dairy,soybean and fish,serious excess intake of edible oil and salt,and low diversity of food intake.Various factors such as education level,income,city development level,physical activity level,postpartum depression and participation in maternity school were correlated with dietary balance of lactating mothers.[Conclusion]The imbalance of dietary intake of lactating mothers was mainly reflected by insufficient intake,while the degree of excessive intake was relatively low.Postpartum health education should be strengthened to improve the dietary quality of lactating mothers.
