作 者：
袁颖红;张文锋;周际海;芮绍云;刘贵军;李丽;黄欠如;成艳红;孙波
单 位：
江西省红壤研究所;土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室
摘 要：
针对江西旱地红壤肥力低下、生产力不高等突出问题,基于长期野外旱地红壤定位试验,研究了改良剂(生物质炭和过氧化钙)对旱地红壤活性有机碳及与碳代谢相关酶活性的影响。试验设置生物质炭施用量0(C0)、758(C1)、1 515(C2)kg/hm2和过氧化钙施用量0(Ca0)、61(Ca1)、121(Ca2)kg/hm2,生物质炭和过氧化钙单施和配施共9个处理,即CK、C0Ca1、C0Ca2、C1Ca0、C1Ca1、C1Ca2、C2Ca0、C2Ca1、C2Ca2。结果表明,生物质炭单施和配施均在一定程度上提高了旱地红壤有机碳及活性碳组分,且效果优于单施过氧化钙。C2Ca0、C2Ca1和C2Ca2处理土壤有机碳增加较显著。生物质炭和过氧化钙显著提高土壤活性有机碳组分,与对照(CK)相比,其中C1Ca0处理的微生物生物量碳平均增加了45.22%,C1Ca2处理的可溶性有机碳平均增加了21.34%,C1Ca0处理的颗粒有机碳平均增加了20.72%,C2Ca2处理的易氧化有机碳平均增加了22.19%。生物质炭和过氧化钙对提高碳库管理指数均有较好的效果,0~10 cm和10~20 cm土层分别平均增加了11.09%、14.07%。添加生物质炭对旱地红壤酶活性均有促进作用,且对0~10 cm土层土壤酶的影响较10~20 cm土层明显;配施C2Ca2明显提高旱地红壤淀粉酶、纤维素酶和β-葡糖苷酶活性,C1Ca1明显提高红壤蔗糖酶活性。因此,生物质炭和过氧化钙能有效改善旱地红壤活性有机碳组分以及与碳代谢相关酶活性,且生物质炭与过氧化钙配合施用对土壤改良的效果更好。
译 名：
Effects of Amendments on Labile Organic Carbon and Soil Enzymes Activities in Upland Red Soil
作 者：
YUAN Yinghong;ZHANG Wenfeng;ZHOU Jihai;RUI Shaoyun;LIU Guijun;LI Li;HUANG Qianru;CHENG Yanhong;SUN Bo;Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil;Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems & Watershed Ecohydrology, Nanchang Institute of Technology;State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences;
单 位：
Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil%Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems & Watershed Ecohydrology, Nanchang Institute of Technology%State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences
关键词：
Soil amendment;;Upland red soil;;Labile organic carbon;;Soil enzymes
摘 要：
A long-term field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different soil amendments(biochar and calcium peroxide) on soil labile organic carbon fractions and soil enzymes activities associated with carbon cycling in upland red soil in Jiangxi Province in order to resolve the problems of low fertility and productivity. 9 treatments were included in the experiment, i.e. CK, C0 Ca1, C0 Ca2, C1 Ca0, C2 Ca0, C1 Ca1, C1 Ca2, C2 Ca1 and C2 Ca2. The results showed that single application of biochar and combined application of biochar and calcium peroxide were beneficial to increase organic carbon content and labile organic carbon fractions, and the effects were better than single application of calcium peroxide. Soil organic carbon contents increased significantly under C2 Ca0, C2 Ca1 and C2 Ca2 treatments. Biochar and calcium peroxide significantly increased soil labile organic carbon fractions. The content of microbial biomass carbon averagely increased by 45.22% in C1 Ca0 treatment, the content of dissolved organic carbon averagely increased by 21.34% in C1 Ca2 treatment, the content of particulate organic carbon averagely increased by 20.72% in C1 Ca0 treatment, the content of labile organic carbon averagely increased by 22.19% in C2 Ca2 treatment. Biochar and calcium peroxide increased averagely carbon management index by 11.09% and 14.07% in 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soils, respectively. The enzyme activities were promoted with the addition of the biochar, and the effects of 0-10 cm soil layer was more obvious than 10-20 cm soil. The combined application(C2 Ca2) significantly improved the activities of amylase, cellulase and β-glucosidase, while the C1 Ca1 treatment significantly improved invertase activity. Therefore, biochar and calcium peroxide can effectively improve labile organic carbon fractions and enzymes activities associated with carbon cycling in upland red soil, and their combined application is more helpful in soil improvement.
