作 者：
由佳翰;张本华;温浩军;康建明;宋玉秋;陈学庚
单 位：
山东省农业机械科学研究院;新疆农垦科学院机械装备研究所;沈阳农业大学工程学院
摘 要：
针对新疆平作区棉花残膜回收机起膜、拾膜分步作业造成残膜回收率低、含杂率高的问题,提出了起膜、拾膜协同作业的思路,设计了一种铲齿组合式(同步起膜、拾膜)残膜回收装置。通过对起膜铲起膜机理进行分析,确定了起膜铲导曲面参数方程和主要结构参数;通过对捡拾滚筒拾膜过程运动及受力分析,确定了拾膜齿杆能够"扎"起残膜的必要条件。运用Design-Expert 8.0.6数据分析软件中心组合试验方法对组合式残膜捡拾装置的关键参数进行了试验,建立了起膜铲入土角、捡拾滚筒转速、机具前进速度与残膜回收率和含杂率的三元二次回归模型。采用非线性优化计算方法,对影响因素进行综合优化计算。试验结果表明:当起膜铲入土角为30°、拾膜滚筒转速为120 r/min、机具前进速度为1.0 m/s时,残膜回收率为90.3%,含杂率为4.1%,比起膜、拾膜分步作业条件下的残膜回收率提高了5.3个百分点,含杂率降低了4.8个百分点。试验指标均达到了国家和行业标准要求,试验结果满足设计要求。
译 名：
Design and Test Optimization on Spade and Tine Combined Residual Plastic Film Device
作 者：
YOU Jiahan;ZHANG Benhua;WEN Haojun;KANG Jianming;SONG Yuqiu;CHEN Xuegeng;College of Engineering,Shenyang Agricultural University;Mechanical Equipment Research Institute,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science;Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Science;
单 位：
College of Engineering,Shenyang Agricultural University%Mechanical Equipment Research Institute,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science%Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Science
关键词：
residual plastic film collecting;;combination of spade and tine;;parameter optimization
摘 要：
Plastic film mulching cultivation technique has the characteristics of increasing temperature and conserving soil moisture and improving the crop fertility conditions. It is an effective measure to realize the early maturing,high quality,high yield and high economic benefit. However,with the expansion of plastic mulching planting area,the plastic film had a serious impact on the root growth,emergence and yield of crops. The mechanized film recycling is an effective means to solve the problem of residual film pollution. There are many ways of recycling equipment,but from the actual use of view,there are some problems. Aiming at the problems of low film recycling rate and high impurity rate,the idea of putting spading film and picking film together was proposed,and a combined type( synchronous spading and picking up) residual film collector device was designed. By analyzing the mechanism of spade film formation,the parametric equation and the main structural parameters of spalling surface were established. Through the analysis of movement and force of pick-up roller,the necessary conditions for the tine to "tie " the residual film were determined. Design-Export 8. 0. 6 was used to test the key parameters of the combined residual film pick-up device. The ternary quadratic regression model was established,which included penetrating angle of film releasing shovels,rotational speed of picking roller,forward speed of machine,and film recycling rate and impurity rate. The nonlinear optimization method was used to optimize the influence factors. The results showed that the film recycling rate was 90. 3% and the impurity rate was 4. 1% when the angle of film releasing shovels was 30°,the rotational speed of picking roller was 120 r/min,and the forward speed was 1. 0 m/s. The film recycling rate was increasedby 5. 3 percentage points and the impurity rate was decreased by 4. 8 percentage points,compared with the spade and tine step by step. Test indicators reached the national and industry standards,and the test results met the design requirements.
