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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 黄土高原长期施肥对小麦产量及肥料利用率的影响 麦类作物学报 2006,26 (5) 101-105
Position: Home > Articles > Effect of Long-term Application of Fertilizer on Wheat Yield and Fertilizer Use Efficiency in Loess Plateau Journal of Triticeae Crops 2006,26 (5) 101-105

黄土高原长期施肥对小麦产量及肥料利用率的影响

作  者：
陈磊;郝明德;张少民
单  位：
中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所;西北农林科技大学资源环境学院
关键词：
小麦;定位施肥;肥料利用率;产量
摘  要：
为给旱地小麦合理施肥提供依据,在20年长期定位试验的基础上,研究了不同施肥处理对小麦产量及肥料利用率的影响。结果表明,化肥能显著提高小麦产量,单施磷肥产量增加85.8 kg/ha,增幅6.8%;单施氮肥增产352.8 kg/ha,增幅28.0%;氮磷配施增产2 262.2 kg/ha,增幅179.7%。有机肥处理增产显著,单施有机肥增产1 954.2 kg/ha;在施有机肥的基础上,施氮肥增产9.8%,施磷肥增产17.1%,施氮磷肥增产15.5%。长期化肥单施肥料利用率较低,单施氮肥的氮肥利用率为16.0%,单施磷肥的磷肥利用为7.0%。氮磷配合施用,小麦吸氮、磷、钾量显著增加,氮、磷肥利用率分别增加21.2和6.9个百分点。氮、磷和有机肥处理的小麦吸氮量比氮磷处理增加18.2 kg/ha,吸磷量增加4.1 kg/ha,吸钾量增加8.3 kg/ha。
译  名：
Effect of Long-term Application of Fertilizer on Wheat Yield and Fertilizer Use Efficiency in Loess Plateau
作  者：
CHEN Lei~1,HAO Ming-de~2,ZHANG Shao-min~1(1.College of Natural resource and Environment,Northwest A & F University,Yangling,Shaanxi,712100,China;2.Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of water resources,Yangling,Shaanxi,712100,China)
关键词：
Wheat;Long-term application of fertilizer;Fertilizer use efficiency;Yield
摘  要：
The effect of fertilization on wheat yield and fertilizer use efficiency(FUE) was studied based on 20 years long-term experiment on Loess Plateau.The results showed that: P application can increase wheat yield by 152.0 kg/ha and nitrogen application can increase wheat yield by 256.3 kg/ha.Compared with P application,the combination of N and P application can increase the wheat yield by 1 780.1 kg/ha.The combination of N,P and manure can increase wheat yield by 1 872.1 kg/ha(about 54.7%).The fertilizer use efficiency(F U E) was low when only one kind of fertilizer was applied.The combination of N and P can increase the absorbed amounts of N,P_2O_5 and K_2O,significantly.Compared with single application of fertilizer,the compination of N and P can increase FUE of N and P by 21.2 and 6.9 percentage points.Compared with the combination of N and P,the N uptake increase 18.2 kg/ha,P uptake increase 4.1 kg/ha,K uptake increase 8.3 kg/ha when applying the combination of N,P and manure.

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