单 位：
中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所畜禽健康养殖研究中心/中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室/湖南省畜禽健康养殖工程技术研究中心
关键词：
黏液层;黏蛋白;Akkermansia muciniphila;肠道微生物
摘 要：
动物胃肠道中定殖着数量巨大的肠道微生物,影响宿主动物的代谢和发育。肠道微生物在营养物质交换、信息传递和抵抗病原微生物入侵方面均发挥着重要的作用。依据定殖部位,可以分成黏液层微生物和肠腔内微生物,Akkermansia muciniphila偏好地定殖于肠道黏液层,对机体活动影响广泛。在肠道中,Akkermansia muciniphila可以特异地降解黏蛋白和低聚糖,分别产生短链脂肪酸和丙酸,在为宿主提供能量的同时也促进了自身的定殖。而与此同时,机体黏蛋白的降解会促使宿主补偿产生更多的黏蛋白,进而降低宿主蛋白的沉积。Akkermansia muciniphila的定殖还可减缓脂肪沉积,延缓糖尿病。在肠道微生态系统中,该菌群并没有严重的致病性,适宜丰度的Akkermansia muciniphila定殖可以促进宿主免疫系统的发育,进而促进肠道健康。随着更多科学研究的展开,胃肠道微生物在机体中的重要性得到呈现。作为目前国内外的研究热点,Akkermansia muciniphila在机体肠道内的作用机制尚未完全明确。本文从Akkermansia muciniphila的定殖环境、生理特性、对机体营养代谢的影响、与代谢性疾病及机体免疫相互作用等方面进行了综述,Akkermansia muciniphila为很有潜力的生物标记,应用于营养状态、代谢性疾病、免疫甚至癌症的评估和检测。
译 名：
The Interaction of Colonization of Akkermansia muciniphila in Gastrointestinal Tract and Its Host
作 者：
FENG Ze-meng;BAO Xian-ying;YIN Yu-long;Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Research Center of Healthy Breeding Livestock & Poultry/Hunan Engineering& Research Center of Animal & Poultry Science, Key Lab Agro-ecology Processing Subtropical Region, Scientific Observational and experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture;College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University;
关键词：
mucus;;mucin;;Akkermansia muciniphila;;intestinal microbiota
摘 要：
The gastrointestinal tract is a big harbour for viarous microbes, which have a great influence on the metabolism and development of the host. These intestinal microbiota can be divided into microbiota in inner lumen and in mucus layer, and both have important roles in nutrients delivery and prevention against pathogenic microorganism invasion. Akkermansia muciniphila, a kind of gram-negative bacteria, specially degrades mucin, has a growth preference in animal mucus and has a broad effect on the host. In the gastrointestinal tract, the flora of Akkermansia muciniphila degrade mucin and oligosaccharides, produce short chain fatty acid and propionic acid, respectively, which provide energy to the host and also promote their colonization. At the same time, the degradation of mucin will lead to more mucin secretion, thereby lowering the host protein deposition. The colonization of Akkermansia muciniphila reduce fat deposition, delay the formation of diabetes. Akkermansia muciniphila have no serious pathogenicity, and suitable abundance will promote the development of the host immune system and intestinal health. With the development of more scientific research, the importance of intestinal microbiota will be the hot topic. However, the mechanism of the action of Akkermansia muciniphila to the host is still unclear. The colonized environment, physiological characteristics, host nutrition metabolism disturbance, relation with metabolic diseases, and host immune regulation of Akkermansia muciniphila were summarized in the present paper. Akkermansia muciniphila is a good potential biomarker, and can be applied in nutritional status, metabolic diseases, immunity and even cancer detection, and worth to be further studied.
