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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 稻田不同种植模式对土壤养分表观平衡和氮素生产效率的影响 应用生态学报 2019 (4) 1119-1126
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of different planting patterns on the apparent balance of soil nutrients and nitrogen production efficiency in paddy soil Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology 2019 (4) 1119-1126

稻田不同种植模式对土壤养分表观平衡和氮素生产效率的影响

作  者：
黄颖博;汤文光;肖小平;唐海明;李超;程凯凯;汪柯
单  位：
湖南省土壤肥料研究所
关键词：
冬季作物;水稻;种植模式;氮素生产效率;养分表观平衡
摘  要：
通过在湖南长沙双季稻田开展的冬闲-双季稻(CK)、黑麦草-双季稻(Ry-R-R)、紫云英-双季稻(Mv-R-R)和油菜-双季稻(Ra-R-R)4个种植模式的长期定位试验,分析不同种植模式对土壤养分含量、水稻产量、氮素生产效率和土壤养分表观平衡的影响.结果表明:Ry-R-R、Mv-R-R和Ra-R-R的土壤全氮和碱解氮含量显著高于CK,而土壤速效钾含量显著低于CK.与CK相比,Ry-R-R、Mv-R-R和Ra-R-R的晚稻氮肥偏生产力显著提升.Ry-R-R、Mv-R-R和Ra-R-R晚稻穗部的氮积累量显著高于CK;Ry-R-R、Mv-R-R和Ra-R-R茎叶的氮积累量均高于CK.Ry-R-R、Mv-R-R的水稻产量显著高于CK;水稻产量与土壤氮含量呈显著正相关.Ry-R-R、Mv-R-R的氮、磷盈余量显著高于CK;Ry-R-R、Ra-R-R的钾素盈余量显著高于CK.冬作物-双季稻模式提高了土壤养分含量和氮素生产效率,改善了土壤缺钾的状况,有利于维持稻田养分平衡,但土壤氮素盈余较多,还需减少氮肥的过量施用.
译  名：
Effects of different planting patterns on the apparent balance of soil nutrients and nitrogen production efficiency in paddy soil
作  者：
HUANG Ying-bo;TANG Wen-guang;XIAO Xiao-ping;TANG Hai-ming;LI Chao;CHENG Kai-kai;WANG Ke;Hunan Institute of Soil and Fertilizer;
关键词：
winter crop;;rice;;planting pattern;;nitrogen production efficiency;;nutrient apparent balance
摘  要：
To investigate the effects of different planting patterns on soil nutrient contents, rice yield, nitrogen production efficiency, and apparent nutrient balance, a long-term field experiment was conducted in Changsha, Hunan, China. Four planting patterns were examined, including winter fallow-double cropping rice(CK), ryegrass-double cropping rice(Ry-R-R), Chinese milk vetch-double cropping rice(Mv-R-R), rape-double cropping rice(Ra-R-R). Compared with CK, soil total nitrogen(N) and available N were significantly higher under Ry-R-R, Mv-R-R and Ra-R-R. However, soil available potassium(K) content in CK was significantly higher than that in the other treatments. In addition, the N partial factor productivity in the late rice cropping was significantly higher under Ry-R-R, Mv-R-R and Ra-R-R. The N accumulation in panicles, stems and leaves of late rice under Ry-R-R, Mv-R-R and Ra-R-R were significantly higher than that in CK. Furthermore, the rice yield in Ry-R-R and Mv-R-R were significantly higher in comparison to CK. A significant positive correlation between grain yield and soil N content was observed. Compared with CK, Ry-R-R and Mv-R-R significantly increased the surplus of soil N and phosphorus content, but Ry-R-R and Ra-R-R increased the surplus of K content. Overall, winter crop-double rice cropping system could improve soil nutrient contents and N production efficiency, alleviate K deficiency, which would be beneficial to soil nutrient balance of paddy soils. Given the high surplus of N in paddy soils, N fertilizers should be reduced.

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