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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 基于USLE模型的重庆生态涵养发展区土壤侵蚀量估算 水土保持研究 2017,24 (3) 33-38
Position: Home > Articles > Estimate of Soil Erosion Amount of the Ecological Conservation Development Area in Chongqing Based on the USLE Model Research of Soil and Water Conservation 2017,24 (3) 33-38

基于USLE模型的重庆生态涵养发展区土壤侵蚀量估算

作  者：
张超;陈国建;李春娟;肖卓勇;李春利;李娟娟;廖良宇
单  位：
重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院
关键词：
土壤侵蚀量;USLE模型;渝东北;生态涵养发展区
摘  要：
利用USLE模型估算渝东北生态涵养发展区土壤侵蚀量,并对研究区土壤侵蚀强度进行分级,以此为基础进一步分析不同降雨侵蚀力、坡度、土壤类型下的土壤侵蚀强度分布特征。结果表明:本研究区土壤侵蚀量大致呈东北向西南递减的趋势,东部山地土壤受侵蚀最严重,西部山间丘陵地带土壤侵蚀量相对较小,研究区平均土壤侵蚀模数为30.15t/(hm~2·a),土壤侵蚀量为10 220.85万t/a。研究区各区县土壤侵蚀分布情况可划分为三类:(1)重点预防保护区。土壤侵蚀以微度和轻度侵蚀为主,林草覆盖度较高,但有水土流失加剧的危险,代表区县是忠县、梁平、垫江;(2)重点监督区。土壤侵蚀以中度和强度侵蚀为主,土壤侵蚀相对严重,代表区县为云阳、万州、巫山、奉节、丰都;(3)重点治理区。土壤侵蚀以极强度和剧烈侵蚀为主,土壤侵蚀最严重,代表区县为巫溪、开县、城口。降雨侵蚀力为3 000~4 000(MJ·mm)/(hm~2·h·a),坡度在25°以上,土壤为石灰土、紫色土或黄褐土的地区,土壤侵蚀以强度、极强度和剧烈侵蚀为主,是水土流失治理的重点。
译  名：
Estimate of Soil Erosion Amount of the Ecological Conservation Development Area in Chongqing Based on the USLE Model
作  者：
ZHANG Chao;CHEN Guojian;LI Chunjuan;XIAO Zhuoyong;LI Chunli;LI Juanjuan;LIAO Liangyu;Geography and Tourism College,Chongqing Normal University;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Surface Processes and Environmental Remote Sensing in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area;
关键词：
soil erosion amount;;USLE model;;northeast of Chongqing;;ecological conservation development area
摘  要：
USLE model was used to estimate soil erosion in the Ecological Conservation Development Area in Chongqing,and the soil erosion intensity of this area was classified according to criterion.The distribution characteristics of soil erosion intensity for different rainfall erosion forces,slope grades and soil types were analyzed.The results indicate that the amount of soil erosion in this research area roughly presents the trend of decreasing from the northeast to the southwest,the soil erosion was the most severe in the eastern highlands of the study area,and the soil erosion in the hilly region of the west was relatively slight,the average soil erosion modulus in this area was 30.15t/(hm~2·a),the amount of soil erosion was 10 2.2085 million t/a.The distribution of soil erosion intensity in every district can be divided into three categories:(1)the key preventing and protecting area,the soil erosion of these areas is mainly micro and slight erosion,vegetation coverage is higher than others,but there is a danger of aggravating the soil erosion,representative districts such as Zhongxian,Liangping,and Dianjiang;(2)the key supervising area,the soil erosion of these areas is mainly middle intensity erosion and intensity erosion,soil erosion is relatively serious,representative districts:Yunyang,Wanzhou,Wushan,Fengjie and Fengdu;(3)the key controlling area,the soil erosion of these areas is mainly the extreme intensity erosion and the violent intensity erosion,soil erosion is the most serious,representative districts:Wuxi,Kaixian and Chengkou.The soil erosion of the areas that rainfall erosivity ranges between 3 000~4 000(MJ·mm)/(hm~2·h·a),the slope is above 25 degrees,the soil is calcareous soil,purplish soil or yellow cinnamon soil,erosion is identified as the intensive level,the extreme intensity erosion and the violent intensity erosion,those areas are the focus of soil erosion control.

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