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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 控氮增磷对不同品种烟苗生长发育及其素质的影响 山东农业科学 2020 (1) 100-105
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of Controlling Nitrogen Rate and Increasing Phosphorus Fertilizer on Growth,Development and Quality of Tobacco Seedlings of Different Varieties Shandong Agricultural Sciences 2020 (1) 100-105

控氮增磷对不同品种烟苗生长发育及其素质的影响

作  者：
杨大全;张永贵;谢永辉;马康达;鲁耀;刘永;段忠德;许东亚;段宗颜
单  位：
云南省烟草公司昆明市公司;云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所
关键词：
控氮;增磷;品种;烤烟育苗;烟苗素质
摘  要：
为探究烤烟膜下小苗壮苗培育新途径,本试验选择云南主栽烤烟品种红花大金元、K326、云烟87为试材以常规育苗肥(N:P_2O_5:K_2O=18:12:13)处理为对照,设置减氮处理(T1,N:P_2O_5:K_2O=12:12:13)、增磷处理(T_2,N:P_2O_5:K_2O=18:18:13)和减氮增磷处理(T3,N:P_2O_5:K_2O=12:18:13),研究其对烟苗素质的影响。结果表明同一处理下不同品种出苗期(播种一出苗)天数为红花大金元> K326>云烟87,出苗率为云烟87>红花大金元> K326硝酸还原酶(NR)活性以红花大金元最高。同一品种而言,减少氮素比例(T1)烟苗的生长发育稍慢,生育进程延缓,壮苗率降低,农艺性状指标减小,烟苗质体色素含量、NR活性降低;增加磷素比例(T2)烟苗的生长发育较好,生育进程较快,壮苗率提高,茎围、主根长、地下鲜重与干重提高,质体色素、NR活性较高;控氮增磷(T3)对烟苗的生育进程影响较小,烟苗质体色素、NR活性接近常规水平,地上部分生长得到控制,根部发育较快,壮苗率提高。综上在烤烟育苗过程中控氮(减少1/3)、增磷(增加1/2)有利于烟苗素质的提高。
译  名：
Effects of Controlling Nitrogen Rate and Increasing Phosphorus Fertilizer on Growth,Development and Quality of Tobacco Seedlings of Different Varieties
作  者：
Yang Daquan;Zhang Yonggui;Xie Yonghui;Ma Kangda;Lu Yao;Liu Yong;Duan Zhongde;Xu Dongya;Duan Zongyan;Kunming Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company;Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences;
关键词：
Controlling nitrogen rate;;Increasing phosphorus;;Variety;;Flue-cured tobacco seedling culture;;Tobacco seedling quality
摘  要：
To explore a new way of culturing strong tobacco seedlings for transplantion under film,the main cultivars of Honghua Dajinyuan,K326 and Yunyan 87 in Yunnan Province were used as test materials.On the basis of conventional seeding fertilizer(N:P_2 O_5:K_2 O=18:12:13),the nitrogen reduction treatment(N:P_2 O_5:K_2 O=12:12:13,T1),the phosphorus enrichment treatment(N:P_2 O_5:K_2 O=18:18:13,T2) and the nitrogen reduction and phosphorus enrichment treatment(N:P_2 O_5:K_2 O=12:18:13,T3) were designed to study their effects on the quality of tobacco seedlings.The results were as follows.Under the same treatment,the seedling emergence period was ranked as Honghua Dajinyuan> K326> Yunyan87,and the emergence rate was sequenced as Yunyan 87> Honghua Dajinyuan> K326.The activity of NR was the highest in Honghua Dajinyuan.For the same variety,the nitrogen reduction treatment(T1) led to slower growth and development of tobacco seedlings,delayed growth process,lower rate of strong seedlings,decrease of agronomic traits,plastid pigment content and NR activity.Under the phosphorus enrichment treatment(T2),the growth and development of tobacco seedlings were better,the growth process was faster,the strong seedling rate,stem circumference,main root length,underground fresh weight and dry weight increased,and the plastid pigment content and NR activity were higher.Controlling nitrogen rate and increasing phosphorus(T3) had little effect on the growth process of the tobacco seedlings,the content of plastid pigment and the activity of NR were close to the normal levels,the growth of overground part was controlled,the root development was faster,and the rate of strong seedlings increased.In conclusion,reducing nitrogen by 1/3 and increasing phosphorus by 1/2 were benefit to increasing the tobacco seedling quality during seedling culture.

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