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Position: Home > Articles > Chinese Rural Changes of Economic Structure and Its Historical Meaning since the Founding of New China Ancient and Modern Agriculture 2011,2011 (1) 19-30

建国以来中国农村经济结构变迁及其历史内涵

作  者：
叶明勇
单  位：
当代中国研究所
关键词：
新中国;农村经济;结构变迁;历史内涵
摘  要：
新中国成立后,中国共产党为把中国从一个贫穷落后的农业大国建设成强大的工业化国家,对传统农业进行了大刀阔斧的改革。先后推出了土地改革、农业合作化和家庭联产承包责任制以及取消农业税的重大决策。土地改革彻底清扫了封建制度的障碍,为新中国大规模工业化建设做好了准备工作。农业合作化的结果是建立国家和集体土地所有制,这次转变为中国初步建立起自己的工业体系作出重大贡献。而家庭联产承包责任制的实施,由于保留了土地公有的内涵,同时实行市场经济体制,既稳定了农村社会、防止两极分化,又实现了对传统农村经济的突破,使得中国农业经济结构实现了前所未有的转变。2006年彻底取消农业税在中国具有划时代意义,随后中央出台一系列补贴农业政策,标志着以工补农、反哺农业时代的到来,农业现代化进程全面展开。
译  名：
Chinese Rural Changes of Economic Structure and Its Historical Meaning since the Founding of New China
作  者：
Ye Mingyong(Institute of Contemporary China Studies,Beijing 100009)
关键词：
New China,Rural Economy,Structural Change,Historical Meaning
摘  要：
After the founding of new China,in order to transform a poor and backward agricultural country into a powerful industrial country,the Communist Party of China carried out the significant reforms on the traditional agriculture.In succession,the CCPC launched important decisions such as the land reform,agricultural cooperatives,agricultural household contract responsibility system and the abolition of agricultural tax;thoroughly cleaned obstacles of the feudal system,well prepared for the large-scale industrialization of new China.Agricultural cooperation resulted in the establishment of national and collective land ownership,which had made a great contribution to the form of Chinese own industrial system.The implementation of household contract responsibility system,retaining the public ownership of land as some content while implementing a market economy,kept a stable rural society and prevented polarization.Thus it achieved a breakthrough in the traditional rural economy and Chinese agricultural economy was unprecedentedly changed.The complete abolition of agricultural taxes in 2006 was a landmark in China,which was followed by a series of subsidy policies to agriculture sector.This marked an era of subsidizing and supporting agriculture from the industry sector.Then,the Chinese agricultural modernization has been pushing forward in full swing.

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