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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 近40年云南水稻热量资源时空变化特征 安徽农业科学 2016 (6) 228-233
Position: Home > Articles > Temporal and Spatial Variations of Rice Heat Resource in Yunnan Province in Recent 40 Years Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences 2016 (6) 228-233

近40年云南水稻热量资源时空变化特征

作  者：
徐梦莹;朱勇;胡雪琼;钱兆兰;朱斌
单  位：
云南省宾川县气象局;云南省气候中心
关键词：
水稻;热量资源;界限温度;积温;阶段性低温;时空变化
摘  要：
[目的]研究近40年云南水稻热量资源时空变化特征。[方法]利用云南省115个气象站1971~2010年气温资料,分析了云南5个区域水稻主要生长季(4~9月)平均气温、全年稳定通过10℃、20℃的初日、终日、日数和积温、秧苗期低温和夏季低温等的时空变化特征。[结果]近40年云南水稻生长季热量资源有较明显的增加趋势,且具有显著的区域性差异,其中滇西南增温趋势最明显;云南水稻生长季平均气温呈南高北低的分布特征,表现为滇西南>滇东南>滇西北≈滇中>滇东北。各区域稳定通过10℃的活动积温为滇西南>滇东南>滇西北>滇中>滇东北,而稳定通过20℃的活动积温则滇中略小于滇东北,且各区域气候倾向率空间分布差异较大;云南水稻苗期(4月)低温主要发生在哀牢山以东和以北地区,全省夏季低温发生的站次呈减少趋势,有利于减轻低温对水稻抽穗扬花的威胁。[结论]该研究为气候变化背景下云南水稻种植的合理规划布局提供一定的指导意义。
译  名：
Temporal and Spatial Variations of Rice Heat Resource in Yunnan Province in Recent 40 Years
作  者：
XU Meng-ying;ZHU Yong;HU Xue-qiong;Yunnan Climate Center;
关键词：
Rice;;Heat resource;;Limited temperature;;Accumulated temperature;;Periodical low temperature;;Spatial and seasonal variation
摘  要：
[Objective] To research the spatial and seasonal variation characteristics of rice heat resources in Yunnan Province in recent 40 years.[Method]Based on the temperature data of 115 weather stations in 1971- 2010,we analyzed the temporal and spatial variations of average temperature,the first day,terminal day,number of days stable passed by 10 and 20 ℃,low temperature at seedling period,and low temperature in summer in rice growth period( from April to September) of five regions of Yunnan Province. [Result] Heat resources in rice growth period in Yunnan Province showed relatively significant increasing trend,and obvious regional differences,especially in southwest Yunnan. Average temperature in rice growth season in south was higher than that in north,which were in the order of southwest Yunnan > southeast Yunnan > northwest Yunnan ≈ middle Yunnan > northeast Yunnan. The order of active accumulated temperature passed by 10 ℃ in different regions was southwest Yunnan > southeast Yunnan > northwest Yunnan > middle Yunnan > northeast Yunnan. However,as for the active accumulated temperature passed by 20 ℃,middle Yunnan was smaller than northeast Yunnan. Spatial distribution of the climatic trend rates has relatively great differences in different regions. Low temperature in rice seedling stage mainly occurred in east and north areas. Stations of summer low temperature in Yunnan showed a decreasing tendency,which reduced the threats of low temperature to rice heading and flowering. [Conclusion] This research provides certain guiding significance for the rational planning and distribution of rice planting in Yunnan Province under the background of climate change.

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