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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 两种磷效率小麦在不同土壤上根际特征的差异 中国土壤与肥料 2012 (1) 14-18
Position: Home > Articles > Rhizosphere characteristics of two P-efficient wheat genotypes in different soil Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China 2012 (1) 14-18

两种磷效率小麦在不同土壤上根际特征的差异

作  者：
展晓莹;闫海丽;张淑香
单  位：
中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所
关键词：
黑垆土;红壤;pH值;磷酸酶
摘  要：
以磷高效型小麦小偃54和磷低效型小麦京411为研究对象设计三室根箱试验,通过测定生物量、吸磷量、pH和酸性磷酸酶,对比两种小麦在不同磷水平(P0 mg/kg土、100 mg/kg土)及两种不同土壤上(石灰性黑垆土、酸性红壤)根际特征的差异。试验结果表明,黑垆土上,增施磷肥使小偃54的总生物量增加了14.99%,京411增加了26.53%,总吸磷量二者分别增加了99.29%和83.70%;红壤的速效磷含量高,施肥仅提高了磷低效型小麦京411的生物量。黑垆土上磷胁迫并未造成小偃54与京411各部分生物量和吸磷量的显著性差异,但小偃54的根际pH降低值和酸性磷酸酶的活性却已显著高于京411;P0处理时,红壤上小偃54的地上部和总生物量显著高于京411,虽然红壤的速效磷含量高于黑垆土,但在P0处理时两种小麦在两种土壤上的生物量和吸磷量并无显著性差异。就根际分泌物而言,石灰性黑垆土上,小偃54的根系在低磷胁迫下通过降低pH和分泌酸性磷酸酶来活化土壤中难溶态的磷,而在红壤上小偃54的pH和酸性磷酸酶的活性保持稳定。酸性红壤中两种小麦酸性磷酸酶活性显著高于石灰性黑垆土。由此可见,两种磷效率小麦在两种不同性质土壤上活化机理存在差异。
译  名：
Rhizosphere characteristics of two P-efficient wheat genotypes in different soil
作  者：
ZHAN Xiao-ying,YAN Hai-li,ZHANG Shu-xiang(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081)
关键词：
dark loessail soil;red soil;rhizophere pH;acid phosphatase
摘  要：
A rhizobox study was conducted to compare the rhizosphere characteristics of two wheat genotypes,Xiaoyan 54 and Jing 411 on two different P levels(P0 mg/kg soil,100 mg/kg soil)and two contrasting soils(dark loessial soil and red soil).Biomass,phosphorus uptake,pH and acid phosphatase were measured.The results showed that:Total biomass of Xiaoyan 54 increased by 14.99%,Jing 411 increased by 26.53%,total phosphorus uptake increased by 99.29% and 83.70% respectively on dark loessial soil.But for red soil which had higher available phosphorus,only the wheat of phosphorus inefficient-Jing 411 had enhancive biomass.On dark loessail soil,phosphorus stress didn't cause Xiaoyan 54 significant differences on biomass and P uptake between Jing 411,but Xiaoyan 54 showed lower rhizosphere pH and higher activity of acid phosphatase than Jing 411 significantly;On condition of red soil,level of P0 caused Xiaoyan 54 significantly higher shoot and total biomass than Jing 411.Under P0 condition,the two varieties of wheat in the two soils had no significant differences in biomass and P uptake although the available phosphorus of red soil was higher than dark loessail soil.On dark loessail soil,the roots of Xiaoyan 54 played a main role of secreting protons and acid phosphatase to activate the undissolved phosphorus,while in the red soil the pH and activity of acid phosphatase of Xiaoyan 54 remained stable.On red soil,acid phosphatase secretion was significantly more than dark loessial soil of two genotypes of wheat.Thus,two kinds of phosphorus efficient wheat in two different soils had various rhizosphere characteristics.

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