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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 微咸水灌溉对土壤水盐及春玉米产量的影响 灌溉排水学报 2016,35 (10) 36-41
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of Saline Water Irrigation on Soil Water Salinity and Spring Maize Yield Journal of Irrigation and Drainage 2016,35 (10) 36-41

微咸水灌溉对土壤水盐及春玉米产量的影响

作  者：
郝远远;郑建华;黄权中
单  位：
中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院;中国农业机械化科学研究院;中国—以色列国际农业研究培训中心
关键词：
银北灌区;春玉米;产量;水盐动态
摘  要：
以2007年和2008年宁夏银北灌区春玉米微咸水灌溉的田间试验为基础,采用微咸水(井灌)、渠水(渠灌)和混合水(体积比1∶1,混灌)灌溉,研究了其对土壤水盐及春玉米产量的影响。结果表明,与渠灌处理相比,作物收获时井灌和混灌处理的根区土壤盐分分别增加18.1%~45.3%和10.7%~38.2%,作物耗水量下降5.2%~8.9%和1.1%~6.2%。土壤盐分状况对微咸水的应用存在较大影响。在轻度盐渍化和非盐渍化土壤条件下,井灌和混灌处理下春玉米产量较渠灌处理下降28%、14%和10.5%、7.4%。考虑到轻度盐渍化土壤中渠灌处理的春玉米产量仅为非盐渍化土壤的68.6%,为保障作物产量和农民收入,在盐渍化土壤中不宜采用渠水进行灌溉。在非盐渍化土壤条件下,采用3 g/L微咸水或将其与渠水混合后进行灌溉,可同时满足保障作物生产和节约淡水资源要求。
译  名：
Effects of Saline Water Irrigation on Soil Water Salinity and Spring Maize Yield
作  者：
HAO Yuanyuan;ZHENG Jianhua;HUANG Quanzhong;Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University;Chinese-Israeli International Center for Research and Training in Agriculture;Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences;
关键词：
Yinbei irrigation district;;spring maize;;yield;;water-salt dynamic
摘  要：
Based on the experiment conducted in YID, Ningxia, in 2007 and 2008 respectively, three irrigation treatments(saline water irrigation, SWI; canal water irrigation, CWI; mixed water irrigation, MWI) were set to investigate the effect of saline water irrigation on water-salt dynamics and spring maize yield. Results showed that compared with CWI, salt storage in the root zone increased by 18.1%~45.3% and 10.7%~38.2% under SWI and CWI, and crop evapotraspiration decreased by 5.2%~8.9% and 1.1%~6.2%. The soil salt condition had a great influence on the application of saline water. Under the mild saline and non saline soil, spring maize yields of MWI and SWI reduced by 28%, 14% and 10.5%, 7.4% in 2007 and 2008, compared with CWI. Given that spring maize yield of CWI under mild saline soil was only 68.6% of yields of SWI under non saline soil, it was suggested to use canal water to irrigation to maintain maize yield and farmers' incomes under saline soil condition. Under non saline soil, using saline water(3 g/L) or mixed saline water with canal water can maintain crop production and save fresh water.

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