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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 崇阳杉木无性系种子园球花在树冠中的分布及其配子产量研究 华中农业大学学报 2001,20 (2) 176-180
Position: Home > Articles > Distribution of Cones in the Crown and the Ratio of Pollen to Ovule in Seed Orchard of Cunninghamia lenceolata (Lamb.) Hook Located at Chongyang Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University 2001,20 (2) 176-180

崇阳杉木无性系种子园球花在树冠中的分布及其配子产量研究

作  者：
张卓文;龚尧夫;黄子锋;郑志金
单  位：
华中农业大学林学系;湖北省崇阳县桂花林场
关键词：
杉木;无性系;球花;花粉;胚珠
摘  要：
对普通杉木林及崇阳杉木无性系种子园植株球花在树冠中的分布、数量及其配子比例进行了研究 ,结果表明 :种子园中杉木无性系间球花量差异达到极显著水平。年龄与球花量之间呈线性相关。中壮龄杉木林郁闭度越小 ,雄球花量越小 ,雌球花量变化不明显 ,雄雌球花比值则越小。林分组成对球花量的影响不明显。立地条件对球花量的影响显著。杉木无性系单株雌球花和雄球花在树冠中的分布出现分层现象 ,各部位间球花量的差异达极显著性水平。球花的数量虽受年龄、母树特性、立地条件及密度的影响 ,但球花在树冠中的分布总趋势保持不变。单位花粉囊内的花粉数平均为 76 5 3.31粒 ,平均每株产花粉 5 .6 5 5 3E + 9粒 ,约 6 .0 16 3E + 4mg。全园可产花粉约 1.810 8E + 13粒 ,约 1.92 6 4E + 8mg。平均每株产胚珠 46 483 .2 5个。全园可产胚珠约 1.4884E + 8个。种子园花粉与胚珠比值为 1.2 16 6E + 5 ,即约 12万∶1。因种子园中花粉相对胚珠来说偏多 ,因此在进行杉木种子园建设与改造时 ,应该注意选用生产雌球花较多的无性系植株作材料 ,以提高单位面积种子产量。并在调查授粉效率的基础上 ,依据胚珠数量可以进行球果及种子产量的预测与预报
译  名：
Distribution of Cones in the Crown and the Ratio of Pollen to Ovule in Seed Orchard of Cunninghamia lenceolata (Lamb.) Hook Located at Chongyang
作  者：
Zhang Zhuowen 1) Gong Yaofu 2) Huang Zifeng 1) Zheng Zhijin 1) ( 1) Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070,China; 2) Guihua Forest Farm of Hubei,Chongyang 437500,China)
关键词：
Cunninghamia lenceolata (Lamb.) Hook, clone, cone, pollen, ovule
摘  要：
With normal forest trees and mother trees in the Cunninghamia lenceolata (Lamb.) Hook the seed orchard located at Chongyang, we have studied the numbers of cones, the distribution of male and female cones in the tree crown and the ratio of pollen to ovule. The results show that both the differences of male cone and female cone numbers are obvious. Both the relationships of the male cone number to tree age and the female cone number to tree age are linear ones. The smaller the canopy density of a forestis, the less the male cones are, and the smaller the ratio of male cones to female cones is. The effect of the species composition and the canopy density on the number of female cones is not obvious but the effect of the site condition is. The male cone distribute in mid to bottom layers and the female cones in mid to top layers of crown. The number differences of the male cones and female cones among the layers in crown are obvious. Although the numbers of female cones and male cone are effected by tree age, the mother tree gene type, the site conditions and canopy density, the way of the cones' distribution in crown keep the same. The number of pollen produced per sac is 7?653.31, per tree 5.6553 E+9 (about 6.0163 E+4 mg), and all trees in seed orchard 1.8108 E+13 (about 1.9264 E+8 mg)。The number of ovule produced per tree is 46?483.25, and all trees 46483.25. The ratio of pollen to ovule is 1.2166 E+5. The pollen is a little bit more than its ovules in this seed orchard, so we should pay attention to choose trees which produle more female cones produced trees to build or rebuild Chinese fir seed orchard in order to produce more seeds. And according to the efficiency of pollination in seed orchard, we are able to predict the output of cones and seeds.

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