Advances in the Research of the Novel Fish Vaccine System:Bacterial Ghosts

Li Shaowu Lu Tongyan(Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Harbin 150070)

Bacterial ghosts(BGs) Fish vaccine Bacterial diseases

As a new type of vaccine system,Bacterial ghosts(BGs)system was constructed through the precise expression regulation of lysisE gene in the bacteriophage PhiX174.BGs have the advantages of immunogenicity of combined antigen,the effects of adjuvant and targeting vehicle,which are therefore suitable especially for mucosal and oral immunizations.Lack of genetic materials confers BGs high safety when compared with traditional vaccines.In addition,the process for preparation of bacterial ghosts is simple and suitable for large-scale production.These characteristics make BGs have good application prospects for development of the candidate vaccines and delivery system.With the development of aquaculture,outbreaks of fish bacterial diseases occurred and caused severe pecuniary loss for the past few years.For some shortcomings of application of chemical drugs and traditional vaccines into prevention of bacterial diseases,more efforts were put on the study and exploitation of new type fish vaccines.In this review,the progress of BGs application into the prevention of several bacterial diseases in fish was introduced in detail,on the basis of description on the formation and regulation mechanisms of BGs.The feasibility and advantages of BGs as new type fish vaccine were also discussed and prospected.It is believed that with the deepening of the study,fish BGs vaccines will play more and more roles in the prevention and control of diseases in the future.