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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 北京海淀区道路绿地生长季地表覆盖特征研究 中国城市林业 2016,14 (4) 22-27
Position: Home > Articles > Characteristics of Surface Mulching of Road Green Space in Growing Seasons in Haidian District,Beijing Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry 2016,14 (4) 22-27

北京海淀区道路绿地生长季地表覆盖特征研究

作  者：
刘兴明;王成;郄光发;张喆;张依;贾益豪;贾雨龙
单  位：
国家林业局城市森林研究中心
关键词：
道路绿地;地表裸露;灌草覆盖率;地表覆盖率;生态养护
摘  要：
文章以北京市海淀区道路绿地作为研究对象,使用分层抽样的方法选出37条道路作为道路样本进行实地调查,分析了生长季植物配置、地表覆盖及影响要素,初步得到以下结论:1)海淀区道路绿地的植物配置以复合结构为主,两层以上配置方式绿地面积比例超过绿地总面积的80%,乔木+灌木的配置模式比较常见。草坪是不同类型道路绿地覆盖材料中的主要类型,其中草本花卉在复合地表覆盖道路绿地中也较为常见;2)海淀区道路绿地在生长季的灌草及地表覆盖率分别为80.89%和55.29%,但有近45%的道路绿地是裸土的;3)灌草覆盖率超过80%的绿地单元数量占绿地单元总数的47.37%,超过60%的绿地单元数量占绿地单元总数的63.74%,而地表覆盖率超过80%的绿地单元数量仅占绿地单元总数的9.36%,超过60%的绿地单元数量占绿地单元总数的20.47%;4)五环以外道路绿地地表覆盖状况最好,二环到四环随距离中心城区的距离增加而逐渐变差。行道树绿地的灌草及地表覆盖率最低,地表覆盖材料单一,而街头绿地裸土灌丛率最高。总体来看,海淀区道路绿地的地上植物配置主要是增加了灌草覆盖率,而地表土壤裸露状况没有得到明显改善。多数道路绿地存在"头上有绿荫,脚下有裸土"的问题。文章最后分析了造成海淀区道路绿地地表土壤裸露的原因,以及绿地管理存在的问题,并提出了生态养护等改进意见。
译  名：
Characteristics of Surface Mulching of Road Green Space in Growing Seasons in Haidian District,Beijing
作  者：
Liu Xingming;Wang Cheng;Qie Guangfa;Zhang Zhe;Zhang Yi;Jia Yihao;Jia Yulong;Research Center of Urban Forest,State Forestry Administration;Research Institute of Forestry of CAF,State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding;
关键词：
road green space;;bare soil;;coverage of shrubs and herbs;;coverage rate of mulching;;ecological maintenance
摘  要：
This research used stratified sampling methods to investigate 37 road as samples for the study of road green spaces in Haidian District,Beijing.The results were primarily concluded after the analysis on the plant configuration in growing seasons,soil surface mulching and influential factors,and showed:1) Composite structures,especially arbors + shrubs pattern,were dominant configuration form of road green space in Haidian,while the configuration with two or more layers took up over 80%.The lawns and herbaceous flowers were main cover materials in different green lands;2) In growing seasons,the coverage of shrubs and herbs was 80.89%,and the coverage of mulching was 55.29%,but bare soil was almost 45% in area;3) 47.37% of green lands was green units with the coverage of shrubs and herbs at over 80%,while the green units with the coverage of mulching at over 80% took up 9.36% of green lands,and 20.47% of green lands was covered with mulching which coverage was over 60%;4) The best mulching grounds were located outside of the 5th ring road,and got worse with distance increased from city center in the area of 2th to 4th ring road.The lowest coverage of shrubs and herbs with single mulching materials was roadside greenbelt,and the highest coverage rate of shrubs and herbs without mulching was street greenbelts.In general,theincreasing coverage with shrubs and herbs was the main plant configuration of road greenbelts in Haidian District,and however,the situation has not been improve for the bare soil substantially in most road greenbelts.Finally,this paper analyzed the causes of exposed surface soil in road green lands as well as problems from greenbelts management,and then came up with the suggestions such as improvement of ecological maintenance.the ecological maintenance and improvements were put forward.

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