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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 七种野生铁线莲属植物核型分析 草业学报 2017 (11) 123-130
Position: Home > Articles > Karyotype analysis of seven wild Clematis species Acta Prataculturae Sinica 2017 (11) 123-130

七种野生铁线莲属植物核型分析

作  者：
王娜;王奎玲;刘庆华;刘庆超
单  位：
青岛农业大学园林与林学院
关键词：
铁线莲属;染色体;核型分析
摘  要：
铁线莲属植物种间在形态、香味、花量、绿期及生活型等方面差异较大,遗传背景也相对复杂,因此在杂交育种前了解其核型特征意义重大。采用染色体常规压片法,对东方铁线莲、大花铁线莲、大叶铁线莲、褐毛铁线莲、棉团铁线莲、齿叶铁线莲和东北铁线莲7种野生铁线莲属植物的倍性及核型进行分析,结果表明,1)7种野生铁线莲中除东北铁线莲为四倍体(2n=4x=32)外,另外6种均为二倍体(2n=2x=16),染色体基数为8。染色体类型有中部(m)、亚中部(sm)、亚端部(st)、端部(t)4种,其中大花铁线莲和大叶铁线莲的核型公式为2n=2x=16=5m+2st+t,褐毛铁线莲的核型公式为2n=2x=16=5m+3st,棉团铁线莲的核型公式为2n=2x=16=5m+2st(SAT)+t,齿叶铁线莲的核型公式为2n=2x=16=5m(SAT)+2st+t,东方铁线莲的核型公式为2n=2x=16=5m(SAT)+sm(SAT)+2st,东北铁线莲的核型公式为2n=4x=32=5m+2st+t。东方铁线莲、棉团铁线莲、齿叶铁线莲的短臂上带有随体。2)核型不对称系数为62.27%~66.77%,核型类型均为2A型,表明7种野生铁线莲属植物的进化程度均较原始。其中,褐毛铁线莲和齿叶铁线莲为首次报道。
译  名：
Karyotype analysis of seven wild Clematis species
作  者：
WANG Na;WANG Kui-Ling;LIU Qing-Hua;LIU Qing-Chao;College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry,Qingdao Agricultural University;
单  位：
College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry,Qingdao Agricultural University
关键词：
Clematis;;chromosome;;karyotype analysis
摘  要：
There are many significant differences in the wild species of Clematis,including differences in morphology,aroma,flower number,green period and life form.These differences reflect the species' complex genetic background.It is advantageous to study the chromosome karyotypes of the various Clematis species prior to any attempts at cross-breeding.In this study,traditional squashing methods were used to study the karyotypes of 7 wild Clematis species:Clematis orientalis,C.patens,C.heracleifolia,C.fusca,C.hexapetala,C.serratifoliaand C.ternifloravar.mandshurica.The results showed that six of the Clematis species were diploid(2 n=2 x=16),with the exception being C.terniflora var.mandshurica,which is tetraploid(2 n=4 x=32).The basic chromosome number was 8.The karyotypes of all the tested Clematis species were mainly made of median,submedian,subterminal and terminal chromosomes.Their karyotype formulae are as follows C.patens and C.heracleifolia:2 n=2 x=16=5 m+2 st+t;C.fusca:2 n=2 x=16=5 m+3 st;C.hexapetala:2 n=2 x=16=5 m+2 st(SAT)+t;C.serratifolia:2 n=2 x=16=5 m(SAT)+2 st+t;C.orientalis:2 n=2 x=16=5 m(SAT)+sm(SAT)+2 st;C.ternifloravar.mandshurica:2 n=4 x=32=5 m+2 st+t.The karyotype formulae of C.orientalis,C.hexapetala and C.serratifolia had satellites in the long arm of their chromosomes.The asymmetry index of the chromosomes ranged from 62.27% to 66.77%.The karyotypes of these Clematis species were 2 A,showing that these seven species are relatively primitive.The karyotypes of C.fuscaand C.serratifoliaare reported here for the first time.

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