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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 铵硝配比对大豆生长及结瘤固氮的影响 中国油料作物学报 2014,36 (3) 349-356
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of different NH_4~+/NO_3~- ratios on soybean growth,nodulation and biological N fixation Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences 2014,36 (3) 349-356

铵硝配比对大豆生长及结瘤固氮的影响

作  者：
李凯;郭宇琦;刘楚楠;陆星;廖红
单  位：
根系生物学研究中心;华南农业大学资源环境学院
关键词：
大豆;铵硝配比;根瘤;生物固氮;氮效率
摘  要：
通过水培方法在5种不同铵硝配比下,研究不同氮形态及接种根瘤菌对大豆生长、结瘤固氮的影响及其生理机制。结果表明,不同铵硝配比对大豆植株生长、产量、生物固氮及氮效率等影响显著,随硝氮比例增加,植株生物量、籽粒产量、结瘤固氮及氮效率等指标均呈现先增加后降低的趋势,以铵硝比25∶75处理效果最佳,总体表现为铵硝比25∶75≥0∶100>50∶50>75∶25>100∶0。较高铵硝比(≥50∶50)严重抑制了大豆根系的伸长生长、根瘤的形成及其固氮酶的活性,从而降低了生物固氮的贡献率,最终导致大豆产量及氮素效率的降低。接种根瘤菌显著增加大豆产量和籽粒含氮量,并与铵硝比之间存在协同效应。铵硝比为25∶75时接种根瘤菌,氮效率最高,最有利于大豆生长及籽粒产量的形成。研究结果对优化大豆水培营养液配方以及指导农田生产中氮素合理施用均有较强的借鉴作用。
译  名：
Effects of different NH_4~+/NO_3~- ratios on soybean growth,nodulation and biological N fixation
作  者：
LI Kai;GUO Yu-qi;LIU Chu-nan;LU Xing;LIAO Hong;Root Biology Center,College of Resource and Environment Science,South China Agricultural University;
关键词：
Soybean;;NH4+/NO3- ratio;;Nodule;;Biological nitrogen fixation(BNF);;N efficiency
摘  要：
Soybean [Glycine max( L.) Merr]were grown in hydroponics at 5 ammonium to nitrate( NH4+/NO3-) ratios to investigate the effects of different nitrogen( N) forms and inoculation with rhizobia on soybean growth,nodulation and biological N fixation( BNF),as well as its underlying physiological mechanisms. The results showed that different NH4+/NO3-ratios significantly affected plant biomass,yield,BNF and N efficiency.Plant biomass,grain yield,index of nodulation and N efficiency increased to the maximum value and then decreased with increasing NO3-ratio. Among all treatments,NH4+/NO3-25∶ 75 performed the best and the effects were in the following order: NH4+/NO3-25∶ 75≥0∶ 100 > 50∶ 50 > 75∶ 25 > 100∶ 0. High NH4+/NO3-ratios( ≥50∶ 50) not only suppressed soybean growth by inhibiting root elongation,but also suppressed nodule formation and nitrogenase activity,and thus decreased the contribution of BNF; thereby resulting in the reduced soybean yield and N efficiency. Inoculated with rhizobia significantly increased soybean yield and grain N content,showing a synergetic effect among NH4+/NO3-ratios and inoculation with rhizobia. Soybean performed best on yield and N efficiency when grown in a NH4+/NO3-ratios of 25∶ 75 combined with rhizobia inoculation. Our study shed light on optimization of N management for soybean both in hydroponics and field.

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