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Tree sapling vitality and recovery following the unprecedented 2018 drought in central Europe

作者：

Mirela Beloiu;Valeska Schönlau;Carl Beierkuhnlei

关键词：

Drought stress;Temperate forest;Deciduous trees;Climate change;Extreme events;Soil dept

摘要：

Ongoing climate change is anticipated to increase the frequency and intensity of drought events, thereby affecting forest recovery dynamics and elevating tree mortality. The drought of 2018, with its exceptional intensity and duration, had a significant adverse impact on tree species throughout Central Europe. However, our understanding of the resistance to and recovery of young trees from drought stress remains limited. Here, we examined the recovery patterns of native deciduous tree sapling species following the 2018 drought, and explored the impact of soil depth, understory vegetation, and litter cover on this recovery. A total of 1149 saplings of seven deciduous tree species were monitored in the understory of old-growth forests in Northern Bavaria, Central Germany. The vitality of the saplings was recorded from 2018 to 2021 on 170 plots. Fagus sylvatica was the most drought-resistant species, followed by Betula pendula, Acer pseudoplatanus, Quercus spp., Corylus avellana, Carpinus betulus, and Sorbus aucuparia. Although the drought conditions persisted one year later, all species showed substantial recovery from the 2018 drought, albeit with a slight decrease in vitality by 2021. Forest type combined with soil depth and understory vegetation, as opposed to litter and forest cover, were the most important drivers of saplings' resilience to drought. This indicates that the microclimate favored by the local synergies between forest types, soil depth, and understory vegetation are most favorable for tree sapling resistance and recovery from drought. Continuous monitoring of tree species health can provide valuable insights into their long-term response to drought. These findings demonstrate the natural regeneration potential of deciduous species in the context of climate change. Selective tree species planting, soil management practices, and promoting understory diversity should be considered when implementing adaptive management strategies to enhance forest resilience to drought events.

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Tree sapling vitality and recovery following the unprecedented 2018 drought in central Europe

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