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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 浅层淹水条件下不同施肥处理对黑土氮素净转化的影响 中国土壤与肥料 2018 (2) 42-48+126
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of different fertilization treatments on net nitrogen transformation in black soil under shallow flooding condition Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China 2018 (2) 42-48+126

浅层淹水条件下不同施肥处理对黑土氮素净转化的影响

作  者：
郎漫;李平;李淼;魏玮;李凯凯
单  位：
南京信息工程大学/江苏省农业气象重点实验室;南京信息工程大学应用气象学院
关键词：
硝化作用;矿化作用;淹水条件;有机物料;氮转化
摘  要：
以东北旱作黑土为对象,在25℃和浅层淹水条件下开展了为期35 d的室内培养试验,研究不同施肥处理对黑土矿化作用和硝化作用的影响。结果表明,浅层淹水条件下土壤矿化作用和硝化作用仍能进行。与不施肥对照处理相比,施用氮肥抑制了培养初期的有机氮矿化,但对后期氮矿化没有影响。氮肥施用初期对硝化作用没有影响,但2周后显著促进了硝化作用的进行。培养期间单施氮肥处理的平均净矿化速率为N 1.07 mg/(kg·d),与对照处理没有显著差异;平均净硝化速率为N 4.50 mg/(kg·d),是对照处理的2.43倍。浅层淹水条件下氮肥配施有机物料显著促进了土壤无机氮的生物固定,培养初期氮肥配施秸秆处理的无机氮固定量大于氮肥配施猪粪处理,后期则相对稍低,氮肥配施猪粪和配施秸秆处理的平均净氮矿化速率分别为N-5.61和-3.15 mg/(kg·d),两者间差异显著。与单施氮肥处理相比,浅层淹水条件下氮肥配施有机物料显著抑制了土壤硝化作用,培养期间氮肥配施猪粪和氮肥配施秸秆处理的平均净硝化速率分别为N 0.29和0.18 mg/(kg·d),分别比单施氮肥处理下降了93.5%和96.0%。
译  名：
Effects of different fertilization treatments on net nitrogen transformation in black soil under shallow flooding condition
作  者：
LANG Man;LI Ping;LI Miao;WEI Wei;LI Kai-kai;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology;College of Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology;
关键词：
nitrification;;mineralization;;flooding condition;;organic material;;nitrogen transformation
摘  要：
A 35 d laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to study the effects of different fertilization treatments on nitrification and organic N mineralization in black soil under 25℃ and shallow flooding condition. The results showed that organicN mineralization and nitrification occurred normally under shallow flooding condition. In comparison with control,application of N fertilizer had no effect on nitrification and inhibited mineralization at the initial incubation period,while significantly increased nitrification and exerted no effect on mineralization at the later incubation period. The average net mineralization rate in the N fertilizer treatment was N 1. 07 mg/( kg·d),which had no significant difference with the control. The average net nitrification rate was N 4. 50 mg/( kg·d),which was 2. 43 times of the control. Application of both N fertilizer and organic materials significantly promoted the immobilization of inorganic N in soil. The amount of N immobilized in the treatment of combined application of N fertilizer and straw was significantly higher than the treatment of combined application of N fertilizer and pig manure at the initial incubation period,the reverse was true at the later incubation period. For the treatment of combined application N fertilizer and straw,the average net mineralization rate was N-3. 15 mg/( kg·d),which was significantly higher than the treatment of combined application N fertilizer and pig manure [N-5. 61 mg/( kg·d) ]. Under shallow flooding condition,application of N fertilizer plus organic materials significantly inhibited nitrification,the average net nitrification rates for the treatments of combined application of N fertilizer with pig manure and straw were N 0. 29 and 0. 18 mg/( kg·d),respectively,which were decreased by 93. 5% and 96. 0%,respectively,as compared with the treatment of N fertilizer application.

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