摘 要：
为了解天津近海月间鱼类资源的种类组成和栖息类型的变化,于2017年7-11月采用底拖网采样对该海域鱼类资源进行了每月一次的底拖网调查,以阐明天津近海鱼类资源群落结构现状及稳定性.结果表明:本次调查共捕获鱼类20种,隶属1纲6目11科18属,其中,鲈形目10种,鲱形目5种,鲽形目2种,鲉形目、鲻形目和鲀形目各1种;月间优势种以小型鱼类为主,其中,矛尾鰕虎鱼Chaeturichthys stigmatias和六丝矛尾鰕虎鱼Chaeturichthys hexanema为各月优势种;按栖息类型分,大陆架浅水底层鱼类8种(占40%),中上层鱼类6种(占30%),中底层鱼类4种(占20%),岩礁性鱼类2种(占10%);以适温类型分,暖温性鱼类14种(占70%),暖水性鱼类5种(占25%),冷温性鱼类1种(占5%);月间CLUSTER聚类和MDS分析结果显示,天津海域月间鱼类群落结构分为3个群组,其中7、8月为一组,9、10月为一组,11月为一组;9、10月鱼类群落结构最为相似,β相似性指数为0.69,且群落结构也最为稳定.研究表明,天津近海鱼类种类较少,且以小型鱼类为主,月间鱼类种类更替较大,群落结构不稳定.
作 者：
WANG Ze-bin;ZHANG Shu-lin;ZHANG Da-juan;LI Xin;KONG Xin;College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture;
关键词：
Tianjin coastal waters;;fish composition;;ecological type;;community structure
摘 要：
Species composition and monthly changes of fish were investigated using single bottom trawl with cod-end mesh of 20 mm at 9 sampling sites in Tianjin coastal waters(117°40′-118°00′E, 38°30′-38°50′N) from July to November in 2017 to analyze the species composition and habitat type of fish stocks in the surveyed sea area, and to clarify the status and stability of fish community structure in Tianjin coastal waters. The results showed that a total of 20 fish species were found, belonging to 1 class, 6 orders, 11 families and 18 genera, the specimens included 10 species in Perciformes, 5 species in Clupeiformes, 2 species in Pleuronectiformes, and 1 species in each Scorpaeniformes, Mugiliformes and Tetarodontiformes. The dominant species were found to be primarily small fish in each month,including gobies Chaeturichthys stigmatias and Chaeturichthys hexanema.There were 8 continental shelf demersal fish species(40%), 6 continental shelf pelagic-neritic fish species(30%), 2 rock reef fish species(10%) and 4 continental shelf benthopelagic fish species(20%) by type of habitat. There were 14 warm temperate fish species(70%), 5 tropical fish species(25%), and 1 cold temperatefish species(5%) by type of temperature. CLUSTER and MDS analysis indicated that the fish community was divided into 3 groups: July-August group, September-October group, with most similar and stable fish community structure(similarity index of 0.69), and November group. The findings indicated that the fish community structure in Tianjin coastal waters was featured by a few fish species, small in size, rapid succession in species and unstable community.
