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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 玉米播种深度智能调控系统研究 农业机械学报 2016,47 (1) 62-68+42
Position: Home > Articles > Intelligent System for Adjusting and Controlling Corn Seeding Depth Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery 2016,47 (1) 62-68+42

玉米播种深度智能调控系统研究

作  者：
李玉环;孟鹏祥;耿端阳;何珂;孟凡虎;姜萌
单  位：
山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院
关键词：
玉米;播种深度;智能调控;镇压强度
摘  要：
针对目前玉米播种机播深控制装置多采用限深轮配合仿形机构,存在仿形精度差,播深一致性和稳定性难以保证等问题,从覆土、镇压确定种子上层土壤厚度(播种深度)的测控角度出发,设计了覆土-镇压联动监控装置,进而设计了该联动监控装置的智能控制系统,实现了播种深度的自动调控,保证了玉米播种深度一致性。该系统以MSP430单片机为控制中心,以试验所得镇压强度形成的专家系统为标准,以镇压系统上的压力传感器检测结果为手段,实现传感器检测结果与专家系统检测结果实时对比,不断调整作业过程覆土装置的覆土量,确保播种深度和镇压强度的稳定性和一致性。对该装置进行了响应时间检测试验,结果表明该控制系统的响应时间为0.58 s,且实际工作时响应时间要小于试验值。继而进行田间试验,结果表明,当播种作业速度为3~8 km/h时,播深合格率高于90%,且在高速作业时播种合格率明显优于机械仿形装置,有效提高了播种深度的一致性。
译  名：
Intelligent System for Adjusting and Controlling Corn Seeding Depth
作  者：
Li Yuhuan;Meng Pengxiang;Geng Duanyang;He Ke;Meng Fanhu;Jiang Meng;School of Agricultural and Food Engineering,Shandong University of Technology;
关键词：
corn;;sowing depth;;intelligent control;;compaction intensity
摘  要：
The current corn sowing depth is controlled by limit wheels and profiling mechanism that can only achieve the consistency of ditch depth and can not achieve the consistency of sowing depth. From the view of soil cover and compaction soil determining the thickness of the upper soil( sowing depth),the author developed cover-compaction soil monitoring system that can achieve automatic control of planting depth,ensure the consistency of corn planting depth, and establish the basement of the neat,complement,sturdy of the seedling. The system took MSP430 microcontroller as control center,expert system shaped from compaction strength by field experiment as standard,result from pressure transmitter of compaction soil system as a means,to realize the results from transmitter contrasting with the expert system. Then the machine can constantly adjust the cover soil system and the amount of overburden soil to ensure the stability and consistency of sowing depth and compaction strength. The working principle of cover-compaction soil control system is that when machine worked the pressure transmitter which was arranged on compaction wheel,it can constantly detect the pressure of the wheel,then the pressure data was imported to microcontroller memory and compared with the threshold which was arranged in expert system. If the data was within the range of the threshold,the sowing depth will be normal and the system will maintain the status quo. If the data was higher than the threshold,the sowing depth and compaction strength would be too large,it meant that the machine should reduce the sowing depth,then the microcontroller will send message to shorten the electric cylinder 's length until the data under the standard value in order to reduce the amount of the overburden soil and vice versa. The author conductedresponse time experiment and the result indicated that the response time of the system was 0. 58 s and the actual response time was less than the experiment. Field experiment results showed that when machine's sowing speed reached from 3 km / h to 8 km / h,the qualified rate of sowing depth was higher than 90%and the sowing quality was better than that of profiling mechanism device,so the system effectively improved the consistency of sowing depth.

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