摘 要：
作者于1952年9月到广东潮汕区调查柑桔虫害,在潮阳县发现卷叶蛾严重为害,引起柑桔大量落果,潮汕区果农称它为“丝虫”。因为这种卷叶蛾能吐丝将数叶片缀合一起,取食其中,又能吐丝下坠,随风飘荡,迁移他枝,因而得“丝虫”之名。在广州区1952年尚未发现卷叶蛾严重为害,只发现一种小灰蛾(Psorosticha zizyphi Stainton,织叶蛾科
译 名：
LIFE HISTORY AND CONTROL OF THE CITRUS LEAF ROLLER (ADOXOPHYES CYRTOSEMA MEYR.) IN CANTON CHINA
作 者：
L? SIU-KING South-China Agricultural College
摘 要：
The citrus leaf-roller, Adoxophyes cytose?na Meyr., is one of the most important insect pests ofcitrus and lichee in Canton and in eastern F?wangtung Province. The larvae cause serious injury to the young fruits, flowers, leaves and buds. Their greatesteconomic damage is to the young fruits. Every year from April to May, a lot of young citrus fruitsare damaged and drop to the ground. Adoxophyes cyrtosema Meyr. is a polyphagus insect. It infests about 27 species of cultivated andwild plants belonging to 16 families. In the citrus orchard the leaf roller can be found all theyear around. Sometimes the larvae hide themselves in the weeds, such as Ageratum conyzoides L.grown nearby the orchards. Therefore eradication of weeds is one of the important methods for thecontrol of this insect. The eggs of the citrus leaf-roller are laid on upper and lower surfaces of the leaves. They aredeposited in masses and in such a manner that they overlap like fish scales. When first laid, theeggs are yellow in color, but they turn darker as the embryos mature. After the eggs hatch theylook like a silvery patch. The individual eggs are flat and oval, measuring 0.8--0.85 mm inlength and 0.55--0.65 mm in width. The egg period averages about 7.2 days. Upon hatching the young larvae spin silk threads and are easily blown by wind to variousparts of young leaves and buds. Later, they web several leaves together to form temporary nest.The larvae feed on the plant parts enclosed by their nests. On the young fruit period they usuallyweb several leaves and fruit cluster to form a nest. They are very active and will wriggle awaybackwards when disturbed, or they drop to the ground or remain suspended from the leaf on asilken thread which they can ascend again. The larval stage varied from 14 to 50 days, with an average of 21.6 days, depending upon theconditions of food and temperature. When first hatched, the larvae are about 1.5 mm long, the head capsule about 0.208 mm inwidth. When full grown they are about 18 mm long and the head capsule 1.131 mm in widthThe growth ratios of the head capsule were found to vary from 1.5 to 1.59. Based upon thedata obtained it is concluded that growth ratios fall in a geometric progression, tending to followDyar's law. Larval development consists of 3 to 5 moults, ordinarily 4. The insect pupates in its last larval nest or pupates between the two leaves where it spinssome defensive silken membranes and a thin cocoon around the body. Pupal stage varied from4 to 27 days with an average of 7.7 days, depending on the generation. The pupa is 8--9 mm long,light brown, with the pesterior end bearing 8 small hooklets cremaster. Copulatory aperture of thefemale is on the ninth abdominal segment, and the male is on the eighth abdominal segment. The adult female moths are about 8 mm long with a wing spread of about 18 mm. Themale are somewhat smaller. The moth is yellowish in color. There are three frenula on the hindwing of the female, but only one on the hind wings in the male. The adults are phototrophicand chemotrophic. The longevity of adults varied from 2--22 days. Winter is passed in the larval stage, rarely in the pupl or adult stage. Breeding from theinsectary, the citrus leaf roller passes nine generations per year in Canton. In the field thegenerations are overlapping. The larvae are attacked by Hymenopterous parasites, belonging to braconidae(Vipiinae). Itis an ectoparasite. The larvae are eaten by predators of the families Carabidae (Calleida sp.) andsyrphidae. (Xanthandvus comtus Harris). The pupae are attacked by certain species of Chalci-didae (Brachymeria obsculata, Ichneumonidae (Phaeogenet sp.) and Tachinidae (Nemorilla floralismaculosa Meig.). Preliminary field control experiments showed that 0.05% E605 emulsion was very effectiveagainst the larvae, mortality reached 82--97%. Laboratory toxicity studies showed that older larvaewere much more resistant to the insecticides than the young larvae. Against 4th-5th instar larvae0.25--0.5% dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) emulsion was very effective and DDT was le
